A major metabolite of PGD2 found in human and mouse urine at levels of approximately 1.5 and 8.1 ng/mg creatinine, respectively.

3-HPA is an analog of AM404, which is a selective inhibitor of carrier-mediated transport of AEA. 3-HPA is metabolized by both COX-1 and COX-2 and also selectively and irreversibly inhibits COX-2 with an IC50 value of 2 µM.

An inactive control for the selective PAD4 inhibitors, GSK484 and GSK199 (IC₅₀s >100 µM).

A natural sesquiterpene lactone that reduces growth (EC₅₀ = 3-35 μM) and induces apoptosis in assorted cancer cell lines; inhibits the activation of Akt (15 μM) in endometriotic epithelial cells and STAT3 activation in THP-1 cells (EC₅₀ = 10 μM); inhibits telomerase…

A potent inhibitor of PDE5 (IC50 = 1-5 nM) that also blocks the activity of PDE11 (IC50 = 10-33 nM); IC50 values against other isoforms of PDE are in the micromolar range; pharmacokinetics are highlighted by its prolonged duration of effect.

Amitriptyline exhibits antidepressant, antipsychotic, analgesic, and antinociceptive activities; it acts as an antagonist at 5-HT2A/2C/6/7 receptors, M1-5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), H1/4 histamine receptors, a1-adrenergic receptors, and also on the serotonin transporter (SERT) and…

β-Gal-NONOate is a nitric oxide (NO) donor which releases NO following activation by β-galactosidase. β-Gal-NONOate is stabile in aqueous solution at neutral and acidic pH for several hours, exhibits good water solubility, and is able to cross the cell membrane. Following enzymatic…

Carboxy-PTIO is a NO scavenger. It reacts stoichiometrically with NO and can be used for EPR detection of NO.

A TZD that increases the sensitivity of cells to insulin, stimulating insulin-induced PI3K activity at submicromolar concentrations; increases insulin effectiveness in obese NIDDM subjects; promotes adipocyte differentiation by up-regulating the expression of UCP-2.

Tris-HCl Stock Solution (1 M, pH 7.0) contains filtered Tris-HCl (1 M, pH7.0). It is ready to use as supplied.

A symmetric bis-glycolamide that inhibits the eIF2α phosphorylation-mediated unfolded protein response (IC₅₀ = 5 nM in a cell-reporter assay); passes through the blood-brain barrier and significantly enhances learning and memory in mice and rats.

A selective inhibitor of PDGF receptor kinase with an IC50 value of20 µM in human bone marrow; inhibits the EGF receptor with an IC50 value of 820 µM.

The four tocopherols (α, β, .delta., and γ) and four tocotrienols (α, β, .delta., and γ) are forms of vitamin E, which is known for its antioxidant activity. Tocotrienols are found at high concentrations in palm oil and rice bran. Recent studies show tocotrienols…

Cefaclor is a second generation β-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefaclor exhibits antibacterial efficacy against gram positive and gram negative bacteria, inhibiting penicillin binding proteins to prevent peptidoglycan synthesis and bacterial cell wall formation. Cefaclor also displays…

A potent, selective, and bioavailable inhibitor of the TRPA1 channel, with IC₅₀ values of 67 and 289 nM for the human and rat isoforms, respectively; attenuates cold allodynia following nerve injury and suppresses neuronal activity in response to mechanical stimulation.

A natural product which effectively kills malarial parasites of the genus Plasmodium (IC50 = 4.0 nM); also used against a wide range of trematodes, including Schistosoma; has potential applications in certain types of cancer and inflammatory conditions.

A selective inhibitor of ASK1 (IC₅₀ = 3 μM; Ki = 500 nM); promotes survival of induced pluripotent stem cell populations and protects neurons from reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis in a model of ischemia.

5-Bromotetralone is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.

A dye that is commonly used in laboratories to stain or quantify proteins; typically gives blue bands on a clear background with a sensitivity of 50-100 ng/band; displays metachromasia by appearing pink-red, rather than blue, when binding certain proteins, such as collagen and histone H1.

An antibacterial lipopeptide that targets Gram-positive bacteria and may be useful against drug resistant strains; also inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis.

Formal Name: 3,4-dichloro-N-(1-methylbutyl)-benzamide CAS Number: 7497-07-6 Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₁₅Cl₂NO

TBS stock solution (10X, pH 7.4) contains filtered concentrated TBS. It is ready to use as supplied.

An activator of the HIF signaling pathway, as demonstrated by HRE reporter assay (EC₅₀ = 1.2 µM), HIF-1α nuclear translocation assay (EC₅₀ = 1.3 µM), and increased VEGF expression (EC₅₀ = 1.6 µM); activity is blocked by excess iron,…

A photosensitizer used during photodynamic therapy to eliminate abnormal blood vessels in the eye that are associated with conditions such as macular degeneration; also inhibits autophagosome formation by directly targeting and modifying p62, a scaffold and adaptor protein that binds both…

An aminooxy analog of ornithine that irreversibly inhibits aminotransferases, including ornithine aminotransferase (Ki = 2 µM); cytotoxic to a range of organisms.

An intravenous β-lactam antibiotic that is effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs range from 0.008-0.13 µg/ml); highly resistant to degradation by β-lactamases.

An orally active, selective inhibitor of p38α and p38β (IC₅₀s = 1 and 11 µM, respectively, in vitro); blocks the release of TNF-α and IL-1β from peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with LPS (IC₅₀s = 3 and 11 nM, respectively) and inhibits…

A bioactive lignan component of P. amarus with antioxidative and hepatoprotective properties; scavenges DPPH radicals (IC50 = 7.4 µM) and alleviates carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation and cytotoxicity in a human hepatoma HepG2 cell line.

Lecithin is the major membrane phospholipid in eukaryotic cells. In addition to being the major structural component of cellular membranes, it serves as a reservoir for several lipid messengers. It is the source of the bioactive lipids lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidic acid, diacylglycerol,…

A selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of Akt1, 2, and 3 (Kis = 0.08, 2, and 2.6 nM, respectively); inhibits the proliferation of human cancer cell lines with Akt pathway activation and various cell lines derived from hematologic malignancies.

WS3 is a non-specific proliferative molecule that modulates the activity of Erb3 binding protein-1 and the IκB kinase pathway. It has been used to mediate proliferation of primary retinal pigment epithelial cells ex vivo in order to provide a renewable source of cells for transplantation in a…

A full antagonist of RXR that demonstrates potent, nanomolar binding affinity; does not affect the corepressor interaction capacity of the RARα subunit in the RAR-RXR heterodimer configuration.