Kanamycin sulfate is an antimicrobial agent effective against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and mycoplasma. It binds to the 70S ribosomal subunit, inhibits translocation, and elicits miscoding. Cross-resistance occurs between kanamycin and neomycin, framycetin, and paromomycin, and…

Chromium potassium sulfate is the potassium double sulfate of chromium. Chromium alum is used in the tanning of leather. It was also used in gelatine emulsions in photographic film as hardener.

Cellulase refers to a group of enzymes which, acting together, hydrolyze cellulose. The b-glucosidases, including cellobiose, are primarily active on the smaller molecular weight cellulose hydrolysates. During cellulose breakdown they are active on the dimers and oligomers of cellulose. …

Cycloheximide is a glutarimide antibiotic derived from a microbial source. Cycloheximide is an antibiotic which is very active against many molds, yeasts, and phytopathogenic fungi. It exhibits somewhat lower activity against bacteria and certain fungi. Control of various molds and fungi in…

Putrescine is a biogenic polyamine and precursor of spermidine. It is formed via decarboxylation of ornithine or by decarboxylation of arginine followed by hydrolysis. Binds to the polyamine modulatory site of the NMDA receptor and potentiates NMDA-induced currents; precursor of spermidine.

Sodium pyruvate is utilized as a component in culture broth and media. The use of sodium pyruvate in Wallen fermentation medium to enhance the conversion of oleic acid to 10-ketostearic acid by Bacillus sphaericus has been described. A protocol that uses sodium pyruvate to establish stably…

Indomethacin, an anti-inflammatory agent, inhibits Cox-1 and Cox-2 (cyclooxygenases) with selectivity for Cox-1 (IC50 of 230 nM) over Cox-2 (IC50 of 630 nM). Additionally, Indomethacin displays adipogenic actions via binding and activation of PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor…

The molecule is a dialdehyde, consisting of two formyl (CHO) groups attached to adjacent carbon centres on a benzene ring. o-Phthalaldehyde is used for precolumn derivatization of amino acids for HPLC separation and for flow cytometric measurements of protein thiol groups. Used for fluorometric…

Cholesterol is the principal sterol of the higher animals, found in all body tissues. It is the main constituent of gallstones and all biological membranes. Approximately 25% of total brain lipid is cholesterol. Cholesterol is suitable for use in liposome preparations.

Safranine O is a biological stain used in histology, cytology, bacteriology. It is a redox and adsorption indicator.

D-(+)-Trehalose dihydrate is a natural alpha-linked non –reducing disaccharide formed by an α,α-1,1-glucoside bond between two α-glucose units which yields 2 moles of D-glucose upon acid hydrolysis. Has 90% of the calorific content of sucrose. Inhibits polyglutamine-mediated…

Phosphomolybdic acid hydrate is employed in preparation of a hybrid organic-inorganic, electroactive material with potential application as a cation-insertion electrode in batteries.

Calcein is an indicator for the determination of calcium by titration with EDTA. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength are 495/515 nm. It is suitable for fluorometric determination of calcium. It does not fluoresce in strong alkaline solution, but an intense fluorescence appears in the…

Pyrimethamine is a diamino-pyrimidine and folic acid antagonist. Pyrimethamine is a medication used for protozoal infections. It is commonly used as an antimalarial drug, and is also used (combined with sulfadiazine) in the treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infections in immunocompromised patients,…

Lactulose is used as a test of small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Lactulose is used in the treatment of chronic constipation. It is useful in treating the hyperammonemia caused by hepatic encephalopathy, because it helps "draw out" ammonia from the body. Lactulose is also a food…

Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt hydrate is a multifunctional nucleotide, which is essential in a variety of cellular functions. Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP is used in many cellular processes:…

Carnitine is a quaternary amine that occurs naturally in most mammalian tissue. It is present in relatively high concentrations in skeletal muscle and heart where it is involved in regulating energy metabolism. It shifts glucose metabolism from glycolysis to glycogen storage and enhances the…

L-Glutamine, the uncharged and amidated analog of L-glutamic acid, is an important amino acid for the incorporation of NH4+ into biomolecules. It is biosynthesized from NH4+ and glutamate via the enzyme glutamate synthetase. In turn, degradation of glutamine to free the ammonia moiety is mediated…

Pharmacological agent that reportedly may show activity through ability to inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis. Non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) inhibitor. Naproxen has been demonstrated to block Aβ fibril growth and form a complex with copper (II).

Brilliant Sulfaflavine is not the same as FIAT (Brilliant Sulfoflavin FF; Acid Yellow 7) which has only one methyl group para to the nitrogen. Brilliant sulfaflavine was used as fluorescent tracers to study the application rate of foliar fungicides when applied to soybeans for the control of rust.

2-Mercaptoethane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is one of the simplest and smallest coenzymes known. 2-Mercaptoethane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is a thermally stable acidic cofactor in the methyl transfer reaction of methanobacterium. Also acts as a water-soluble disulfide reducing agent.

Trehalose is a natural alpha-linked non–reducing disaccharide formed by an α,α-1,1-glucoside bond between two α-glucose units which yields 2 moles of D-glucose upon acid hydrolysis. Has 90% of the calorific content of sucrose. Inhibits polyglutamine-mediated protein…

Ficin is a purified ficin preparation which is extracted from the latex of the fig tree Ficus glabrata. Ficin is classified as a thiol protease. Ficin hydrolyses the peptide bonds where the carbonyl group is from phenylalanine or tyrosine. When used in conjunction with other plants proteases,…

α-Chymotrypsin preferentially catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds involving L-isomers of tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan. It also readily acts upon amides and esters of susceptible amino acids. In addition to bonds involving aromatic amino acids, chymotrypsin catalyzes at a high…

Ferulic acid is a chemopreventive caffeic acid analogue. Ferulic acid is an inhibitor of 5-LO (5-lipoxygenase) and 12-LO (12-lipoxygenase). Ferulic acid is an antioxidant which neutralizes free radicals (superoxide, nitric oxide and hydroxyl radical) which could cause oxidative damage of cell…

Bovine γ-globulin is a plasma protein fraction rich in antibodies. Bovine γ-globulin has been used as an immunological challenge in studies of mechanisms of immunotolerance. Bovine γ-globulins were used to study the constituents and pH changes in protein rich hyaluronan…

L-Serine is one of the two biological amino acids with a hydroxyl substituted side chain, and thus is hydrophilic in character. L-serine is used in the study of influence of pulsed applications of serine on polyglucose synthesis by Fusobacterium nucleatum cultures. Supplementation of minimal…

Cell Culture Reagent. White crystalline powder. Purity: 98-100% Hydrate

Guanosine is a purine nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Guanosine can be phosphorylated to become guanosine monophosphate (GMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), guanosine diphosphate (GDP), and guanosine triphosphate…

Gentamicin sulpahte is an aminoglycoside antibiotic complex produced by fermentation of Micromonospora purpurea or M. echinospora. It is a mixture of 3 major components designated as C1, C1a, and C2. Gentamicin is used as the sulfate salt. Each component consists of five basic nitrogens and…

Lactic acid is fermentation acid from milk or carbohydrates. It occurs in the blood and muscle fluid of man and animals. The lactic acid concentration increases in muscle and blood after vigorous activity. It is also present in other organs including liver, kidney, and thymus gland, and other body…