Ammonium persulfate is a strong oxidizing agent. It is a radical initiator. Ammonium persulfate is a polymerization catalyst used with TEMED for polyacrylamide gel formation. APS has also been utilized to study protein-protein interactions via photoinitiated crosslinking chemistry. Other…

N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamin is a tertiary amine base. N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine is used to catalyze the formation of free radicals from ammonium persulfate or riboflavin. The free radicals will cause acrylamide and bis-acrylamide to polymerize to form a gel…

n-Butanol is useful for the removal of ethidium bromide from DNA purified by CsCl gradient ultracentrifugation. It is also suitable for use in the concentration of dilute nucleic acid solutions by repeated extractions. Increased nucleic acid concentration improves recovery by ethanol precipitation.

Ammonium acetate is a widely used reagent in molecular biology and chromatography. Its applications include the purification and precipitation of DNA and protein crystallization. It is commonly used in HPLC and MS analysis of various compounds, such as oligosaccharides, proteins and peptides.

Potassium acetate is used as a buffer in molecular biology research, notably in the isolation of DNA. Potassium acetate may be utilized in the isolation of RNA intermediates and products from in vitro splicing reactions performed with HeLa cell nuclear extract. Potassium acetate has been used to…

Dimethyl Sulfoxide is a dipolar, aprotic solvent. It has been shown to accelerate strand renaturation (1-10% concentration) and is believed to give the nucleic acid thermal stability against depurination. Dimethyl Sulfoxide is used to enhance dermal absorption of many chemicals, as a solvent for…

Triton® X-100 is a alkylaryl polyether alcohol. It is a nonionic surfactant prepared by the reaction of octylphenol with ethylene oxide. The number ("-100") relates only indirectly to the number of ethylene oxide units in the structure. Triton X-100 is a non-ionic surfactant and…

Ribonuclease belongs to pancreatic ribonuclease family. RNase A is an endoribonuclease that attacks at the 3¢ phosphate of a pyrimidine nucleotide. The sequence of pG-pG-pC-pA-pG will be cleaved to give pG-pG-pCp and A-pG. Ribonuclease A is used to remove RNA from DNA plasmid preparations…

Mineral Oil is a colorless, odorless mixture of alkanes from a mineral source. It is often used as an inert overlay to minimize evaporation in molecular biology applications, including PCR, but has many other applications in other research fields.

Glycerol is a simple polyol compound which is a viscous liquid that is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations. It has three hydroxyl groups that are responsible for its solubility in water and its hygroscopic nature. It is a trihydroxy sugar alcohol that is an intermediate in carbohydrate and…

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is a phase transfer catalyst ideal for the precipitation of DNA. Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is a bactericidal, cationic detergent. Its activity is neutralized by soaps and anionic detergents (i.e., SDS). Trimethylammonium bromide compounds form insoluble…

Proteinase K is a highly active stable endopeptidase with a broad spectrum of action was isolated by E. Merk's Darmstadt Biochemical Research Department in 1970 from a culture filtrate of the fungus, Tritirachium album Limber. This fungus is able to grow on Keratin (e.g., wool, horn particles)…

Lysozyme (muramidase) hydrolyzes preferentially the b-1,4 glucosidic linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine which occur in the mucopeptide cell wall structure of certain microorganisms, such as Micrococcus lysodeikticus. Lysozyme has been used for lysing E. coli and…

p-Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Chloride is an NADPH-diaphorase substrate that competitively inhibits NOS (nitric oxide synthase) (IC50 = 3-4 μM). In combination with 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (BCIP) and an appropriate reaction buffer, Nitroblue tetrazolium forms a substrate for the…