MES is a zwitterionic buffer. One of the "Good" buffers developed for biological applications. It has the advantages of maximum water solubility and minimum solubility in all other solvents, minimal salt effects, minimal change in pK with temperature, chemically and enzymatically stable,…

BRIJ 35 is a non-ionic detergent. BRIJ 35 is useful for the extraction of membrane proteins. For use in Stein-Moore Chromatography and all molecular biology applications. Typically used in the range of 0.1-1%.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a condensation polymer of ethylene oxide and water. Polyethylene Glycol has been used in the precipitation of proteins, as a fusing agent in enhancing the effect of macrophages on hybridoma, in the separation and purification of biomolecules and in induction of cell…

Sodium chloride is a commonly used chemical which is found widely in nature. It is considered to be an essential nutrient. Excess amounts of sodium chloride can destroy electrolyte balance and cause death in most animals, including humans. Sodium chloride is used in a wide variety of biochemical…

Ammonium persulfate is a strong oxidizing agent. It is a radical initiator. Ammonium persulfate is a polymerization catalyst used with TEMED for polyacrylamide gel formation. APS has also been utilized to study protein-protein interactions via photoinitiated crosslinking chemistry. Other…

Magnesium sulfate is a common pharmaceutical preparation of magnesium, commonly known as Epsom salts. Magnesium sulfate is the main preparation of intravenous magnesium. Magnesium has a variety of biological roles in enzymology, cell membrane and wall structural integrity, muscle cell…

PIPES is a zwitterionic N-substituted aminosulfonic acid "Good" buffer. PIPES is used to buffer glutaraldehyde fixative solutions when fixing plant and/or animal tissue samples. This will help prevent the loss of lipids. It is also used to buffer glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde when…

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is a phase transfer catalyst ideal for the precipitation of DNA. Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is a bactericidal, cationic detergent. Its activity is neutralized by soaps and anionic detergents (i.e., SDS). Trimethylammonium bromide compounds form insoluble…

Yeast extract powder is a vacuum dried autolyzed yeast extract produced from 100% Baker's yeast. It is a concentrated source of soluble protein components, carbohydrates, and B Complex vitamins natural to yeast. Yeast extract is used as a bacteriological media component for a variety of…

Glycine is a non-essential amino acid. It is the only amino acid with no asymmetric carbon and thus is not chiral. It is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter. It is involved in the biosynthesis of the porphyrin rings of hemes and chlorophylls. Glycine is commonly used in buffer solutions, in…

Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose. Sucrose can be used to prepare density gradients for cell/organelle separation. It is used as a supplement in plant, insect, and bacterial culture media. It can also be used in various enzymatic assays.

Potassium chloride is a salt commonly used in the preparation of phosphate buffered saline and for the extraction and solubilization of proteins. It is a good potassium source. Also used in the hypotonic KCl-propidium iodide protocol for univariate analysis of metaphase chromosomes; dissociation of…

Agarose is a linear polymer consisting of alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose units. Agarose is a purified linear galactan hydrocolloid isolated from agar or agar-bearing marinealgae. As a gelling agent, agarose is used: 1.) to separate nucleic acids electrophoretically because…

Guanidine hydrochloride consists of a network of guanidinium cations and chloride anions linked by N–H•••Cl hydrogen bonds, it is a strong chaotropic agent. Guanidine HCl may agglomerate upon storage. It may appear as a free-flowing crystalline powder, a free flowing powder…

Potassium acetate is used as a buffer in molecular biology research, notably in the isolation of DNA. Potassium acetate may be utilized in the isolation of RNA intermediates and products from in vitro splicing reactions performed with HeLa cell nuclear extract. Potassium acetate has been used to…

Tris has been useful as buffers in a wide variety of biological systems. Uses include pH control in vitro and in vivo for body fluids and in buffering systems for electrophoresis applications. Tris has been used as a starting material for polymers, oxazolones (with carboxylic acids) and…

Acrylamide is prepared on an industrial scale by the hydrolysis of acrylonitrile by nitrile hydratase. Acrylamide is a monomer used in a variety of synthetic processes to form polymers and copolymers. It polymerizes in the presence of free radicals in aqueous solutions. It is usually used to…

HEPES is a zwitterionic organic chemical buffering agent. HEPES is widely used in many biochemical reactions and as a buffering agent in some cell culture media.