Pyruvic acid is an intermediate in sugar metabolism and in enzymatic carbohydrate degradation (alcoholic fermentation) where it is converted to acetaldehyde and CO2 by carboxylase. In muscle, pyruvic acid (derived from glycogen) is reduced to lactic acid during exertion, which is reoxidized and…

Trypsin is a porcine pancreas-derived enzyme that is commonly used for the dissociation and disaggregation of anchorage-dependent mammalian cells and tissues. The concentration of trypsin necessary to dislodge cells from their substrate is dependent primarily on the cell type and the age of the…

Sodium phosphate monobasic is a reagent with very high buffering capacity widely used in molecular biology, biochemistry and chromatography. Useful in conjunction with Sodium Dibasic Phosphate, in the preparation of biological buffers. Used in many applications including the purification of antibodies.

Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate is a reagent with very high buffering capacity widely used in molecular biology, biochemistry and chromatography. Sodium phosphate dibasic is highly hygroscopic and water soluble. Useful in conjunction with Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic in the preparation of…

Sorbic acid (2,4-hexadienoic acid) is a straight chain unsaturated fatty acid. It is an antimicrobial agent. The antimicrobial action of sorbic acid is due to its inhibitory influence on various enzymes in the microbial cell such as enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism such as enolase and…

Potassium sodium tartrate is a double salt. Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate has been used in organic synthesis to break up emulsions in aqueous workups. The compound is an ingredient of Fehling’s solution and Biuret reagent and is used in detection of aldose and ketose functional…

Potassium phosphate is a reagent with high buffering capacity. It occurs in several forms: monobasic, dibasic and tribasic (K3PO4). Most pH neutral potassium phosphate buffer solutions consist of mixtures of the monobasic and dibasic forms to varying degrees, depending on the desired pH. …

Beef extract is a water soluble powder that is used in general purpose media. It is recommended for use in bacteriological examination of water, milk, and other materials, where uniform composition of media is important and for biochemical studies, particularly fermentation reactions because of its…

Calcium Phosphate Monobasic is mainly used in fertilizers, as acidulant in baking powders and in wheat flours, mineral supplement for foods and feeds, in enameling. Phosphorus is an essential nutrient and therefore is a common component of agricultural fertilizers. Calcium dihydrogen phosphate is…

Potassium ferricyanide is the chemical compound with the formula K3[Fe(CN)6]. This bright red salt contains the octahedrally coordinated [Fe(CN)6]3- ion. It is soluble in water and its solution shows some green-yellow fluorescence. Potassium ferricyanide is used as an oxidizing agent to remove…

A vitamin/enzyme cofactor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, leafy vegetables. Richest natural source is yeast. Occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; bioactive forms occurring in tissues and cells are riboflavin monophosphate and…

Boric acid has a single boron; its salt forms complex equilibria in solution, with the ion B4O7-2 being the predominant species. Boric acid is used for weatherproofing wood and fireproofing fabrics; as a preservative; manufacturing of cements, crockery, porcelain, enamels, glass, borates,…

This α-amylase product is a liquefying diastase supplied as a dry, free-flowing powder having high uniformity and excellent storage stability. The general procedure for the enzymatic liquefaction of starch is the same, regardless of the nature of the end product. The degree of conversion…

Sodium metabisulfite is an antioxidant reducing agent, with antimicrobial and antifungal properties. Gastric tissue studies report that sodium metabisulfite can augment lipid peroxidation and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Sodium metabisulfite is used as an active ingredient in campden…

Triethanolamine is a zwitterionic buffer. Triethanolamine(TEA) is used primarily as an emulsifier and surfactant. It neutralizes fatty acids, adjusts and buffers the pH, and solubilises oils and other ingredients that are not completely soluble in water. Triethanolamine is also used as organic…

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) from torula yeast may be used as a substrate for studying ribonuclease activities of enzymes such as ribonuclease-A, ribonuclease T1 (RNAase) and bougainvillea xbuttiana antiviral protein 1 (BBAP1).

Used as an electrolyte for low temperature dry battery cells and as an oxidation catalyst. It is a solubilizer for polyamides and cellulose when used with amide solvents, and is a chlorinating agent for steroid substrates. Lithium chloride has also been utilized in: Large scale plasmid DNA…

D-(+)-Maltose Monohydrate is an α(1→4) linked disaccharide of D-glucose. D-(+)-Maltose Monohydrate is used as a substrate for α-glucosidase. It is also used as a substrate for the identification, differentiation and characterization of enzymes such as maltase(s); maltose…

Cholesterol is the principal sterol of the higher animals, found in all body tissues. It is the main constituent of gallstones and all biological membranes. Approximately 25% of total brain lipid is cholesterol. Cholesterol, followed by the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, is an organic chemical…

Alanine is a nonessential amino acid that plays a key role in the glucose-alanine cycle between muscle tissue and the liver. In amino acid-degrading tissues such as muscle, amino groups are pooled as glutamate by transamination reactions. Used as an amino donor in conversion of…

Polyvinylpyrrolidone K 30 is used as thickeners, dispersing agents, detoxicant, complexing agent, lubricants and binders. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is a component of Denhardt′s Solution.

Potassium phosphate is a reagent with high buffering capacity. It occurs in several forms: monobasic, dibasic, and tribasic (K₃PO₄). Most pH neutral potassium phosphate buffer solutions consist of mixtures of the monobasic and dibasic forms to varying degrees, depending on the…

Potassium Iodide is known as Potassium Salt of Hydriodic Acid [HI]. Its Ionic form is K+ I-, and iodide ion being mild reducing agent, it can be easily oxidized to Iodine by powerful oxidizing agent like chlorine. Potassium iodide is often used as a fluorescence quencher. The use of KI to…

Potassium Iodide is known as Potassium Salt of Hydriodic Acid [HI], available in white crystalline powder form. It is a mild reducing agent and can be easily oxidized to Iodine by powerful oxidizing agent like chlorine. With elemental iodine it forms I3 (tri iodide), the salts of tri iodide are…

N-Lauroylsarcosine is a derivative of sarcosine. It is an anionic surfactant. N-Lauroylsarcosine is an anionic detergent. It is used for solubilization and separation of membrane proteins and glycoproteins; reported to inhibit hexokinase. It is useful in concentrated salt solutions used in the…

Trichloroacetic acid is an acetic acid analogue commonly used to precipitate proteins, DNA and RNA. In the presence of SDS Trichloroacetic acid will precipitate proteins which can then be quantified by the Lowry method. The compound has also found uses as a decalcifier and fixative in microscopy,…

D-myo-Inositol is a growth factor for animals as well as microorganisms. Myo-Inositol is the most abundant form of polyols that serves as a structural element of secondary messengers in eukaryotic cells. Inositol or cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol is a chemical compound, a sixfold alcohol (polyol) of…

Calcium sulfate (or calcium sulphate) is a common laboratory and industrial chemical. Calcium sulfate is used in tile and plaster, polishing powders, paints, paper, dyeing and calico printing, metallurgy, drying industrial gases, solids, and many organic liquids, and in the determination of oxalates.

Gum Arabic can be branched polymer of galactose, rhamnose, arabinose, and glucuronic acid as the calcium, magnesium, and potassium salts. It is used in textiles, ceramics, lithography, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. In the food industry, acacia is mainly used as confectionery, bakery, dairy,…

Potassium phosphate is a reagent with high buffering capacity. It occurs in several forms: monobasic, dibasic and tribasic. Most pH neutral potassium phosphate buffer solutions consist of mixtures of the monobasic and dibasic forms to varying degrees, depending on the desired pH. Potassium…

Sodium selenite is commonly used as a source of selenium in biological research, where selenium is an essential trace element that is normally provided by serum. Selenium is present in selenoproteins such as glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase, which contain the selenium analog of…

Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction has been used to detect lipid oxidation. When lipids are oxidized, malonaldehyde is formed. TBA reacts with malonaldehyde in hot acid to form a red complex of malonaldehyde:TBA (1:2). Used to quantitate lipopolysaccharides, carrageenan, and sialic acids; used…