Albendazole is a benzimidazole compound that exhibits anti-parasitic and anticancer chemotherapeutic activities. Albendazole displays anti-helminthic benefit in the treatment of worm infections in humans and animals. Albendazole also displays antimitotic properties, binding the colchicine site of…

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins found in foods and livestock feeds that were initially produced by species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxin G2 is cytotoxic; it inhibits DNA synthesis and induces cell cycle arrest.

Non-fluorescent halogenated A23187 analog and Ca2+ ionophore. It induces formation of endothelial microvesicles, increasing leakage of lactate dehydrogenase and decreasing cell viability. It also induces mast cell degranulation and stimulates the acros

Aspartame is a dipeptide ester that is used as an artificial sweetener in commercial food production. Aspartame exhibits antibacterial efficacy against Porphyromonas, a periodontal pathogen. In vivo, aspartame also displays antinociceptive activity, increasing latency times in tail flick and paw…

2-n-Butylthiophene is a sulfur analog of furan originally found in cooked meat products. 2-n-Butylthiophene is a phase II enzyme inducer that exhibits antioxidative and chemopreventive activities. This compound increases levels of glutathione and glutathione-S-transferase, preventing…

Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is an isothiocyanate originally found in cruciferous vegetables that exhibits immunomodulatory, anti-parasitic, antibiotic, antioxidative, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic, anticancer chemotherapeutic, and chemopreventive activities. BITC inhibits…

Ceftriaxone is a third generation β-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic. Ceftriaxone exhibits antibacterial efficacy against gram positive and gram negative bacteria, inhibiting penicillin binding protein activity to prevent peptidoglycan synthesis and bacterial cell wall formation. Ceftriaxone is…

Apramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic originally produced by Streptomyces. Apramycin is clinically used in veterinary medicine. This compound binds 16S rRNA of the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing conformational changes in CA and GA base pairs and inhibiting RNA translocation.

Chrysin is a flavone/flavonoid initially found in Passiflora, Oroxylum, and Pleurotis; it is also a byproduct found in propolis. Chrysin exhibits anti-estrogenic, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, neuroprotective, cognition enhancing, antioxidative, anti-metastatic, anticancer chemotherapeutic, and…

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins found in foods and livestock feeds that were initially produced by species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxin G1 is cytotoxic; it inhibits DNA synthesis and induces cell cycle arrest.

BMS-911543 is an oral selective inhibitor of JAK2 currently in clinical trials. BMS-911543 shows anticancer activity through inhibition of the JAK/STAT signaling cascade in in vitro and in vivo models of myeloproliferative neoplasms, which display constitutively active JAK2 signaling. This compound…

N-(4-Carbethoxyphenyl)retinamide is a retinoid that exhibits anticancer chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive activities. This compound inhibits development of stomach and oral cancers in vivo and shows some benefit in the treatment of dysplasias. Additionally, this compound induces differentiation…

Cysteine conjugate of benzyl isothiocyanate, N-dimethylnitrosamine demethylase inhibitor. It induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells and inhibits cell growth in leukemia cells. Grade: ≥98

Aprotinin is a polypeptide that exhibits anti-fibrinolytic (pro-coagulant) activity. Aprotinin inhibits serine proteases such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin, and kallikrein. Inhibiting these proteases prevents formation of Factor XIIa and prevents breakdown of blood clots. Aprotinin is…

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) disodium is clinically used to inhibit reperfusion injury after myocardial infarction during percutaneous coronary intervention; it also improves left ventricular function in clinical settings. ATP itself is a coenzyme and unit of cellular energy. ATP is required for…

NSAID and COX-1/2 inhibitor used to decrease inflammation. It inhibits platelet aggregation and prolongs bleeding time by decreasing levels of thromboxane A2. Chronic administration decreases risk of cancer and cardiovascular events.

Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone originally found in Artemisia (wormwood); it is clinically used to treat malaria. Artemisinin exhibits anti-parasitic, antimalarial, cardioprotective, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. This compound inhibits growth of Plasmodium. In animal models…

A grasshopper neuropeptide from a family of arthropod hormones and neuroregulators, found in Locusta migratoria.

Cefotaxime is a third generation β-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefotaxime exhibits antibacterial efficacy against gram positive and gram negative bacteria, inhibiting penicillin binding proteins to prevent peptidoglycan synthesis and bacterial cell wall formation. Cefotaxime is also…

6-Aminonicotinamide inhibits glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and suppresses activity in the pentose phosphate pathway. This compound exhibits potential anticancer benefit, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the growth of cancer cells when combined with 2-deoxy-D-glucose. In vitro,…

Adipokinetic hormone is a neuropeptide hormone found in insects that is involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms. Adipokinetic hormone also increases activity of peptidase, lipase, amylase, and polygalacturonase in the salivary glands. In brain samples treated with H2O2, this peptide…

Capsaicin is an agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels that was originally found in peppers of the Capsicum genus. Capsaicin exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anticancer chemotherapeutic activity. Capsaicin also displays bronchoconstrictive activity…

Anastrozole is a third generation aromatase inhibitor that suppresses synthesis of estrogen. Anastrozole exhibits anticancer chemotherapeutic activity and is clinically used to treat ER-positive breast cancer. In vitro, anastrozole inhibits proliferation of cancer cells by disrupting the…

Citalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that inhibits the serotonin transporter (SERT); citalopram is clinically used for its antidepressant and anxiolytic activities, although it may prolong the QT interval. The S-isomer of citalopram is active and is sold on its own as…

Bifonazole is an imidazole antifungal that also exhibits anticancer activity. Bifonazole inhibits calmodulin, HMG-CoA reductase, and 14-a demethylase in fungi such as dermatophytes. Bifonazole also decreases cell viability and induces Ca2+-dependent apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and melanoma cells.

Bis(salicyl) fumarate is an aspirin analog that is used to induce hemoglobin chain crosslinks at lysine residues. This compound is used to study hemoglobin function in research models and may be used to develop treatments for sickle-cell anemia. This compound may exhibit anti-inflammatory,…

Chlorpromazine is a phenothiazine that exhibits antipsychotic, antidepressant, anxiolytic, neuroprotective, and anticancer chemotherapeutic activities. Chlorpromazine inhibits D1/2/3/4 receptors, 5-HT1/2 receptors, a1/2-adrenergic receptors, and M1/2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs).…

Atriopeptin III is an analog of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) that exhibits vasodilatory/hypotensive and diuretic activities. In rat kidneys, atriopeptin III increases the diameter of constricted afferent arterioles, decreasing blood pressure.

Angiotensin I (AT I) is a peptide cleavage product of angiotensin and serves no primary biological purpose other than to function as a precursor to angiotensin II.

Cisplatin is a platinum-based cross-linking agent that exhibits anticancer chemotherapeutic activity. Cisplatin induces crosslinks between guanine bases on DNA; it is clinically used to treat various forms of cancer. In lung cancer cells, cisplatin decreases phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, and FOXO3a…

Catechin is a flavanol originally found in Camilla and other plant sources; it exhibits antioxidative, anti-aging, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-ulcerative, neuroprotective, neuromodulatory, anticancer chemotherapeutic, and chemopreventive activities. Catechin increases life span in Caenorhabditis…

Astilbin is a flavonoid found in several plants, including species of Engelhardia and Smilax. Astilbin displays anticancer, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive activities. In vitro, astilbin inhibits expression of IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, MCP-1, and TNF-a, as well as activity of…