This product is a mixture of bleomycin sulfate salts; bleomycin A2 is pictured. Bleomycin is an anticancer chemotherapeutic that binds DNA and induces DNA cleavage and strand breaks; it is highly toxic. Bleomycin A5 is clinically used to treat lymphomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and testicular…

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins found in foods and livestock feeds that were initially produced by species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxin M1 is the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1; it inhibits DNA synthesis and induces cell cycle arrest.

L-Carnitine is an endogenous quaternary ammonium compound required for fatty acid transport; it is often given as a dietary supplement. The L-isomer is active, exhibiting anti-osteoporotic, antioxidative, and cardioprotective activities. In a clinical setting, L-carnitine administration increases…

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is commonly used as a food and cosmetics additive; it exhibits antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. BHT may also display neuroprotective benefit, decreasing ethanol-induced brain damage and neurodegeneration and suppressing activation of NF-?B activation…

β-cembrenediol is a diterpene product found in tobacco plants and cigarette smoke. β-cembrenediol displays weak anticancer and antimicrobial activity, exhibiting some cytotoxicity in cellular models. Grade: ≥98%

NSAID and COX-1/2 inhibitor used to decrease inflammation. It inhibits platelet aggregation and prolongs bleeding time by decreasing levels of thromboxane A2. Chronic administration decreases risk of cancer and cardiovascular events.

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins found in foods and livestock feeds that were initially produced by species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxin B1 is the most cytotoxic of all aflatoxins; it inhibits DNA synthesis and induces cell cycle arrest.

This compound may exhibit anti-angiogenic and anticancer benefit through the potential inhibition of VEGFR2 (Flk-1), Met, RET, Axl, Ron, PDGFR, FGFR1 (Flg), and FMS-related tyrosine kinases 1, 3, and 4 (FLT1/3/4).

Benzimidazole is an organic compound that displays some anticancer benefit. Complexes of Cu(II) and benzimidazole bind to the minor groove of DNA, cleave supercoiled DNA, and inhibit topoisomerase I, inhibiting proliferation across several cancer cell lines. Additionally, benzimidazole derivatives…

Carbamazepine is an antiepileptic/anticonvulsant that also exhibits antipsychotic and anti-inflammatory activities. Carbamazepine inhibits voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing the inactive conformation of the channel. Carbamazepine also potentiates GABA receptor signaling and inhibits…

Altretamine is an anticancer chemotherapeutic agent that binds DNA at guanine and cytosine residues, forming DNA adducts. This alkylating agent is also metabolized to formaldehyde. Altretamine is clinically used to treat ovarian cancer.

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins found in foods and livestock feeds that were initially produced by species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxin B2 is cytotoxic; it inhibits DNA synthesis and induces cell cycle arrest.

ß-Carotene is a red-orange terpene pigment originally found in various plants and fruits; it is a prodrug for vitamin A. ß-Carotene exhibits antioxidative, cytoprotective, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-obesity activities. ß-Carotene is used in research models to…

Chlorophyllin is a semi-synthetic derivative of chlorophyll that is commercially used as a food additive and coloring agent. Chlorophyllin exhibits anti-angiogenic, anticancer chemotherapeutic, and chemopreventive activities. Chlorophyllin can act as a photosensitizer, inducing apoptosis and…

Bis(salicyl) fumarate is an aspirin analog that is used to induce hemoglobin chain crosslinks at lysine residues. This compound is used to study hemoglobin function in research models and may be used to develop treatments for sickle-cell anemia. This compound may exhibit anti-inflammatory,…

Amyloid-ß (Aß) is a peptide cleavage product of amyloid precursor protein (APP) that is often used as a biomarker in Alzheimer’s disease. Misfolded Aß oligomers instigate conformation changes in other, normally folded Aß oligomers, increasing the number of misfolded proteins and eventually forming…

ß-Casomorphin is a peptide fragment of casein that exhibits antioxidative and anti-fibrotic activities. In vivo, ß-casomorphin improves high glucose-induced changes in oxidative enzyme secretion and activity. ß-Casomorphin also decreases urinary glucose and protein levels as well as serum creatine…

Ciclopirox is a hydroxypyridone compound that exhibits antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anticancer chemotherapeutic activities. This compound acts as a metal ion chelator, preventing peroxide degradation. Ciclopirox modulates generation of ROS in a PKA/Ras1/Ras2-dependent manner,…

Actinomycin D is a polypeptide antibiotic produced from Streptomyces; it exhibits anticancer chemotherapeutic activity but does not display antibacterial benefit. Actinomycin D is clinically used to treat various cancers and is one component of the VAC chemotherapy regimen. Actinomycin D binds DNA,…

Bromhexine is a synthetic derivative of vasicine that exhibits mucolytic and antioxidative activities. Bromhexine increases production of serous mucus, decreases mucus viscosity, and helps cilia transport mucus out of the lungs. Bromhexine is clinically used to treat respiratory disorders…

Aspartame is a dipeptide ester that is used as an artificial sweetener in commercial food production. Aspartame exhibits antibacterial efficacy against Porphyromonas, a periodontal pathogen. In vivo, aspartame also displays antinociceptive activity, increasing latency times in tail flick and paw…

AZT is a thymidine nucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and is clinically used to treat HIV/AIDS. AZT inhibits viral DNA synthesis, preventing viral replication; at high doses, it may inhibit DNA polymerase. Use of AZT is often limited

Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that exhibits antibacterial efficacy against gram negative bacteria. Amikacin binds the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing translation. Grade: ≥98%

Amyloid-ß (Aß) is a peptide cleavage product of amyloid precursor protein (APP) that is often used as a biomarker in Alzheimer’s disease. Misfolded Aß oligomers instigate conformation changes in other, normally folded Aß oligomers, increasing the number of misfolded proteins and eventually forming…

Bicuculline is a neuromodulatory GABA-A receptor antagonist used to study regional variation of GABA receptors and the role of GABA-A receptors in motor disorders, pain, seizure, nociception, anxiety, and memory. Through its inhibition of GABA-A receptors, bicuculline potentiates activation at NMDA…

Bleomycin A5 is an anticancer chemotherapeutic that binds DNA and induces DNA cleavage and strand breaks; it is highly toxic. Bleomycin is clinically used to treat lymphomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and testicular cancer. Additionally, this compound induces apoptosis, alters cell cycle…

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is a peptide derived from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) processed and secreted in the pituitary gland. ACTH binds and activates melanocortin-2 (MC2) receptors, stimulating cortisol production in the adrenal cortex. ACTH exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory…

Adefovir is an antiviral prodrug that displays immunomodulatory activity. Adefovir is an acyclonucleotide analog that inhibits viral DNA polymerase, acting as a DNA chain terminator. Adefovir is primarily used to treat hepatitis B infection, but also displays activity against retroviruses. Adefovir…

Chemopreventive. It inhibits cell proliferation in colorectal cancer cells and suppresses MAM acetate-induced carcinogenesis in vivo.

Guanosine analog and inhibitor of RT, guanylyl cyclase, and telomerase used to treat HIV infection. Grade: ≥98%

Amphotericin B is a polyene antifungal compound that increases levels of ROS and forms pores or channels in membranes by binding membrane sterols. Amphotericin B induces iNOS, activates astrocytes, and increases expression of IL-1ß, TNF-a, BDNF, and GDNF, displaying potential neuroprotective…

Biotin is a water-soluble B vitamin (vitamin B7) that may be found in many foods but is also administered as a dietary supplement. Biotin is a coenzyme involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, isoleucine, and valine; it also plays a role in gluconeogenesis. Biotin may be found attached to lysine…