Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15-20% of breast cancer cases and is characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human EGF receptor 2 (HER2) . TNBC is typically more aggressive and difficult to treat than more common types of breast cancer and is more likely to recur after treatment. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide and is a marker for hypoxic regions of breast tumors. CAIX expression is associated with poor prognosis in TNBC and hormone-resistant breast tumors.
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