Synonym: SOD, Superoxide: superoxide oxidoreductase
CAS Number: 9054-89-1
EC Number: 232-943-0
Enzyme Commission (EC) Number: 1.15.1.1
MDL Number: MFCD00132404
Biochem/physiol Actions
Catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. Plays a critical role in the defense of cells against the toxic effects of oxygen radicals. Competes with nitric oxide (NO) for superoxide anion (which reacts with NO to form peroxynitrite), thereby SOD promotes the activity of NO.3 SOD has also been shown to suppress apoptosis in cultured rat ovarian follicles, neural cell lines, and transgenic mice.4,5
General description
Superoxide dismutases are a group of low molecular weight metalloproteins present in all aerobic cells of plants, animals and micro-organisms. They provide protection against damaging reactions with the superoxide radical anion (O2-) by catalyzing its disproportionation into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.
Unit Definition
One unit will inhibit reduction of cytochrome c by 50% in a coupled system with xanthine oxidase at pH 7.8 at 25 °C in a 3.0 ml reaction volume. Xanthine oxidase concentration should produce an initial ?A550 of 0.025 ± 0.005 per min.
Physical form
Lyophilized powder containing potassium phosphate buffer salts
Biochem/physiol Actions
Xanthine oxidase is a molybdenum-containing enzyme that is found in the cytosol, and may be strongly inhibited by flavonoids.1,2 It plays a vital role in the metabolism of some drugs, as well as purines and pyrimidines.3 It is also known to be a biological source of reactive oxygen species.4
Application
Superoxide dismutase from bovine erythrocytes has been used in a study to assess a kinetic model of radiation-induced inactivation of superoxide dismutase in nitrous oxide-saturated solutions. 1 Superoxide dismutase from bovine erythrocytes has also been used in a study to investigate the possible participation of superoxide anion in the intestinal tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase reaction. 2
Form: lyophilized powder
Composition: Protein, =95% biuret
Pl: 4.95
Storage Temp.: -20°C
Gene Information: cow ... SOD1(281495), SOD2(281496)