Synonym(s): TGF-β1
Purity: ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
Analysis Note: The specific activity was determined by the dose dependent inhibition of IL-4 induced proliferation of mouse HT-2 cells (BALB/c spleen activated by sheep erythrocytes in the presence of IL-2).
Preparation Note: HumanKine TGF-β1 is expressed in human HEK 293 cells as a mature, disulfide linked, non- glycosylated, homodimer with a predicted molecular mass of 25 kDa.
Legal Information: HumanKine is a registered trademark of HumanZyme Inc.
Biochem/physiol Actions: TGF-β1 is produced by many cell types, but is reported to be most concentrated in mammalian platelets where it is present at approximately four times the level of TGF-β2.
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 is a 25 kDa multifunctional peptide capable of influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, and other functions in a wide range of cell types. Transformed as well as non-neoplastic tissues release transforming growth factors and essentially all cells possess a specific TGF-β1 receptor. The multi-modal nature of TGF-β1 is seen in its ability to stimulate or inhibit cellular proliferation. In general, cells of mesenchymal origin appear to be stimulated by TGF-β1; whereas, hepatocytes, T and B lymphocytes, keratinocytes, and many epithelial cells are inhibited by the peptide. TGF-β1 interacts with Epidermal Growth Factor, Platelet Derived Growth Factor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, and T Cell Growth Factor either by enhancing or antagonizing their characteristic actions. TGF-β1 plays a fundamental role in tissue growth and differentiation by involvement in adipogenesis, myogenesis, chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, epithelial cell differentiation, and immune cell function.
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C8H8O3