Synonym(s): (5Z,11α,13E,15S)-11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoic acid; Dinoprostone; PGE2
Formula: C20H32O5
Formula Weight: 352.47
CAS No.: 363-24-6
Purity: ≥93% (HPLC)
Physical form: powder -20 °C; stock-frozen in working aliquots, avoid repeated freeze/thaw
Storage: −20°C
Beilstein Registry Number: 4709356
EC No.: 206-656-6
Biochem/physiol Actions: Prostaglandin E2 is a signaling molecule produced by activated platelets. The release of PGE2 by activated platelets is part of a mechanism by which activated platelets utilize adjacent erythrocytes to help in clot formation. This product was shown to lower the filterability of human erythrocytes by approximately 30% at a concentration of 10-10sup M and also caused a reduction in mean cell volume by about 10%. The cause of cell shrinkage was the induction of a PGE2- stimulated K+ efflux pathway leading to rapid loss of cellular K+ ions. This loss was shown to be Ca2+dependent. PGE2 has been shown to stimulate the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) by neonatal mouse parietal bones. After 6 hours in culture, cells stimulated with 10-8sup M PGE2 produced significantly more IL-6 than controls. The pyrogenic activity of PGE2 was not inhibited by dexamethasone, unlike prostaglandin F2α.
Most biologically active prostaglandin. PGE2 induces cervical ripening and parturition; mediates bradykinin-induced vasodilation; regulates adenylyl cyclase. Tumor cells that over-express cyclooxygenase 2 display increased invasiveness, angiogenesis, and resistance to apoptosis that may be due to the PGE2-induced expression of angiogenic factors and stabilization of the anti-apoptotic protein, survivin.
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C5H5N · HCl