Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).
Synonyms: LPS
Storage: 2-8C
Biochem Physiol Actions: Porphyromonas. gingivalis is a Gram-negative bacterium that is known to be involved in adult periodontitis. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by recession of the supportive tissue surrounding teeth. Studies have shown that the LPS from P. gingivalis play an important role in this disease. LPS from P. gingivalis differs from LPS from Escherichia coli in its structure and various functional activities. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the mechanisms by which LPS from E. coli and P. gingivalis modulate CD14, TLR2, and TLR4 surface expression, primary and secondary cytokine responses are different.A recent study demonstrated that LPS from P. gingivalis stimulates insulin secretion by pancreatic ß cell line, MIN6. In the presence of 5 mM glucose and 50-500 ng/mL LPS from P. gingivalis, a significant induction of insulin secretion was observed.