The neuropeptide S receptor isoform a (NPS1a) is Gq/11 and Gs-coupled GPCRs expressed in the bronchial smooth muscle cells, basally in colon epithelium and in occasional basal keratinocytes in skin. An Asn107->Ile mutation is significantly up-regulated in a mouse model of ovalbumen-induced lung inflammation supporting a role in the pathogenesis of asthma.