ROCK (Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase) has two isoforms, ROCK1 and ROCK2 that share 65% sequence similarity. ROCK has three domains that include the N-terminal catalytic domain (CAT), a middle coiled-coil domain that mediates homodimerization, and Rho-binding (RB) and pleckstrin homology (PH) domains (RB/PH domain) at the C-terminus. The RB/PH domain acts as an autoinhibitory domain and suppresses the kinase activity of CAT. ROCK1 (Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1) gene encodes a 160kDa serine/threonine kinase that specifically binds to GTP-bound Rho. It is a platelet protein with 1354 amino acids. It has a Ser/Thr kinase domain in its N-terminus, followed by a 600 amino acid long coiled-coil structure. The C-terminal region contains a cysteine-rich zinc finger-like motif and a pleckstrin homology region.
Synonyms: Anti-Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-35; Anti-Rho-associated protein kinase 1; Anti-Rho-associated, coiled- coil-containing protein kinase 1; Anti-p160 ROCK-1; Anti-p160ROCK
MDL Number: MFCD02264068
Storage: -20C
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Biochem Physiol Actions: ROCK1 (Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1), an effector of the small GTPase Rho, functions along with the small GTPase Rho in phosphorylating LIM-kinase 1, which in turn phosphorylates cofilin, an actin-depolymerizing factor, thereby regulating actin cytoskeletal reorganization. It is capable of inducing Ca2+-independent contraction of smooth muscle. Activation of ROCK1 by cleavage with caspase-3 stimulates the formation of membrane bleb formation in apoptotic cells. It phosphorylates and regulates zipper-interacting protein kinase (ZIPK) that mediates Ca2+-independent phosphorylation of both smooth muscle and non-muscle myosin.
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