REN gene encodes the enzyme renin, which is expressed mainly by the granular cells of the kidney in the juxtaglomerular apparatus. REN gene is 12.5kb in length and is localised to the chromosomal region 1q32. Renin is a protease enzyme, which cleaves at the aspartate residue and is synthesised as prorenin. Prorenin includes an additional 43 amino acid fragment at the N-terminal. Renin has a molecular weight of 37kDa and is composed of 340 amino acids. There is evidence that renin is also expressed in ovary, testis, submandibular gland, adrenal gland, brain, heart etc.
Synonyms: Anti-Angiotensinogenase antibody produced in rabbit; Anti-Renin precursor antibody produced in rabbit
Storage: -20C
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Biochem Physiol Actions: Renin is a key enzyme in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which is responsible for maintaining blood pressure and salt homeostasis. Renin converts the inactive angiotensinogen to angiotensin I and this step is the rate limiting step in RAS. Angiotensin I is then converted into angiotensin II, which, through a series of steps, leads to an increase in blood pressure and sodium retention by kidneys. Mutations, which lead to the deletion of leucine or exchange of leucine in the signal peptide of prorenin, are found to be associated with early onset anemia, hypouricosuric hyperuricemia and progressive kidney failure. Renin rs6693954 polymorphism has been linked with blood pressure in type II diabetes patients, in a gender-dependent manner.
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