Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (UniProt P15153; also known as GX, p21-Rac2, Small G protein) is encoded by the RAC2 gene (Gene ID 5880) in human. Rho family of small GTPases are involved in a wide variety of cellular functions such as cell polarity, vesicular trafficking, and cell cycle by regulating intracellular actin dynamics. In mammals, the Rho family contains 22 members which can be further divided into the Rac subfamily (Rac1, Rac2, Rac3, and RhoG), Cdc42 subfamily (Cdc42, TC10, TCL, Chip, and Wrch-1), RhoA subfamlly (RhoA, RhoB, and RhoC) and other Rho-GTPases (RhoE/Rnd3, RhoH/TTF, Rif, RhoBTB1, RhoBTB2, Miro-1, Miro-2, RhoD, Rnd1, and Rnd2). Rac1 and Rac2 share high sequence homology (90%) and are both expressed in the hematopoietic system, where they play crucial roles in mediating the interactions between hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their microenvironment. Rac proteins transduce cell surface signaling events initiated by tyrosine kinase receptors, G protein-coupled receptors, and cell-to-cell contacts by acting as molecular switches, cycling between an inactive GDP-bound state and a GTP-bound active state. In addition to overlapping functions, Rac1 and Rac2 also mediate unique functions via interactions with specific partners. SAM50 and Metaxin1, for example, are among mitochondrial proteins identified to be specifically associated with Rac2. Rac activity inhibition is reported to effectively target primary human AML and CML cells and prevent disease initiation in various murine leukemia models.
Synonyms: Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2, GX, p21-Rac2, Small G protein
Application: Research CategorySignaling
Other Notes: Concentration: Please refer to lot specific datasheet.