Disks large homolog 4 (UniProt: P31016; also known as Postsynaptic density protein 95, PSD-95, Synapse-associated protein 90, SAP-90, SAP90) is encoded by the Dlg4 (also known as Dlgh4, Psd95) gene (Gene ID: 29495) in rat species. PSD95 belong to the family of membrane-associated guanylate kinases (MAGUKs), which also include PSD-93, SAP97 and SAP102. PSD95 is predominantly expressed in the hippocampus CA1 region and prefrontal cortex of the brain, where it localizes in a somatodendritic pattern in the post-synaptic membrane and in presynaptic axon terminals of inhibitory neurons. PDS95 is the major scaffolding protein in the excitatory postsynaptic density (PSD) and a potent regulator of synaptic strength via interactions with a diverse PSD proteins, including NMDA receptors (NMDARs), AMPA receptor (AMPAR) complexes via Stargazin/TARP, adhesion molecules, as well as other scaffolding proteins, such as GKAP and Shank. PSD95 and neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (nNOS) interaction plays a role in maintaining hypersensitivity in acute and chronic pain. The assembly of the GluR6-PSD95-CaMKII complex is reported to mediate injury induced by brain ischemia by facilitating GluR6 serine phosphorylation by CaMKII and the activation of JNK. Overexpression or depletion of DLG4 changes the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory synapses in hippocampal neurons.
Synonyms: Disks large homolog 4, PSD95, Postsynaptic density protein 95, SAP90
Application: Research CategoryNeuroscience
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