PVRL4 (poliovirus receptor-related 4) belongs to a family of cell adhesion molecules called nectins, which in turn belong to immunoglobulin superfamily. It has a cytoplasmic tail domain, a single transmembrane domain, and three immunoglobulin-like domains in the extracellular region. Due to alternative splicing PVRL4 has two isoforms, with one lacking amino acids 412-436. In humans, this gene is localized to chromosome 1q23. Unlike other members of nectin family, PVRL4, also called nectin-4, is expressed mainly in embryo and placenta.
Synonyms: LNIR antibody produced in rabbit; PRR4; PVRL4
Storage: -20C
Application: Anti-PVRL4 antibody produced in rabbit, a Prestige Antibody, is developed and validated by the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project (www.proteinatlas.org). Each antibody is tested by immunohistochemistry against hundreds of normal and disease tissues. These images can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) site by clicking on the Image Gallery link. The antibodies are also tested using immunofluorescence and western blotting. To view these protocols and other useful information about Prestige Antibodies and the HPA, visit sigma.com/prestige.
Biochem Physiol Actions: PVRL4 (poliovirus receptor-related 4) either forms a homodimer or a heterodimer with nectin-1, to facilitate cell-cell adhesion. It also aids the entry and lateral spread of measles virus, in primary epithelia lining the human airway. It is highly expressed in a variety of cancers such as, breast, lung and ovarian cancers. Its specificity for measles virus and expression in cancer cells makes it a potential oncolysis tool. Mutations in PVRL4 gene is associated with ectodermal dysplasia-syndactyly syndrome (EDSS), which is characterized by abnormalities in hair and tooth, alopecia, and cutaneous syndactyly. In keratinocytes of EDSS patients, mutated PVRL4 is incapable of forming a dimer with nectin-1. It is highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), and is associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, it might be involved in tumorigenesis of lung cancer, and has potential as a both marker and a therapeutic target for NSCLC.
Legal Information: Prestige Antibodies is a registered trademark of Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC