Histone H3, also known as Histone H3.1t, H3/t, H3t, or H3/g, and encoded by the gene HIST3H3/H3Ft, is one of the core components of the nucleosome. The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. A classic nuclear marker, new expression is seen during S phase of the cell cycle. Histone H3 is often acetylated and or methylated multiple times. Changes in methylation or acetylation state of histone H3 together with similar modification on the sister histones is one key aspect of epigenetic gene expression and regulation.
Synonyms: Histone H3.1t, H3/t, H3t, H3/g
Application: Research Sub CategoryHistones
Legal Information: UPSTATE is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany