The gene GHRL (ghrelin) encodes a prepropeptide that cleaves to form two proteins ghrelin and obestatin. The gene is mapped to human chromosome 3p25-p26 containing four exons and three introns. Ghrelin is mainly produced in stomach and pancreas.
Synonyms: Anti-Appetite-regulating hormone precursor; Anti-Growth hormone secretagogue; Anti-Growth hormone-releasing peptide; Anti-M46 protein; Anti-Motilin-related peptide
Storage: -20C
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Biochem Physiol Actions: The peptide ghrelin, one of the cleavage products of prepropeptide produced from the GHRL gene, functions in stimulating food intake and controlling energy balance. It serves as an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR 1a) and has potent stimulating effects on the secretion of growth hormone and food intake. It regulates body weight on long-term and appetite on short-term. Preadipocyte differentiation stimulated by ghrelin is found to increase BMI and negatively regulate the anorexigenic effect of leptin. Polymorhism in the GHRL gene is linked to variations in BMI, blood pressure, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, serum cholesterol, blood glucose, and metabolic syndrome. The other cleavage peptide of prepropeptide produced from the GHRL gene, obestatin, is found to negatively regulate food intake and gastrointestinal motility, but does not participate in the release of growth hormone.
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