Active metabolite of lactacystin, a widely used selective inhibitor of the 20S proteasome, with at least 10 times better activity; irreversibly alkylates subunit X of the 20S proteasome.

An internal standard for the quantification of CAY10429 by GC- or LC-MS.

A synthetic analog of PGF2β.

An internal standard for the quantification of PGF2α by GC- or LC-MS.

TXA2 receptor agonist; causes platelet shape change (EC₅₀ ~6 nM) and aggregation (EC₅₀ ~97 nM).

8-iso PGF2β is an isomer of PGF2α with a non-enzymatic, non-cyclooxygenase origin. It is one of 64 possible isomers of PGF2α which can be produced by free radical peroxidation of arachidonic acid. 8-iso PGF2β exhibits very weak contraction of human umbilical vein artery and…

An organophosphorus ester that antagonizes the CB1 receptor and inhibits FAAH with similar potencies (IC50s = 2 nM).

Contains four deuterium atoms at the 3', 3', 4', and 4' positions; is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tafluprost by GC-or LC-mass spectrometry.

The physiological actions of PGD2 include regulation of sleep, lowering of body temperature, inhibition of platelet aggregation and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. PGD2 mediates its effects by 2 distinct G-protein-coupled receptors, DP1 and CRTH2/DP2. 15(R)-15-methyl PGD2 is a potent,…

A potent and selective EP1 receptor antagonist (IC₅₀ = 2.5 nM), with >400-fold selectivity relative to EP2, EP3, EP4, DP1, and IP; has 30-fold selectivity over TP; shows complete anti-hyperalgesic activity in a rat model of chronic inflammatory joint pain.

15(R)-PGF2α is the C-15 epimer of the naturally occurring mammalian autacoid PGF2α. It has only 25% of the potency of PGF2α in hamster antifertility studies, which may be due to reduced affinity for FP receptors. Compared to PGF2α, 15(R)-PGF2α has a binding affinity of…

A potential metabolite of bimatoprost when administered to animals; potential minor impurity in commercial preparations of bimatoprost.

A lipid peroxidation product; actively modifies histidine and lysine residues on proteins and causes protein cross-linking.

An internal standard for the quantification of PGA2 by GC- or LC-MS.

15(S)-15-methyl PGE2 is a potent, metabolically stable analog of PGE2. It is a potent gastric antisecretory and antiulcer compound. 15(S)-15-methyl PGE2 binds to human myometrium with twice the affinity of PGE2 and is ten times more potent than PGE1 in contracting uterine smooth muscle.

A number of 17-phenyl trinor PGF2α derivatives have been approved for the treatment of glaucoma. Of these, the ones wherein the 13,14-double bond has been hydrogenated retain relatively good potency, but show a significantly reduced incidence of local irritant side effects.…

A FAHFA in which oleic acid occurs at the 12-position on hydroxy stearic acid.

A FAHFA consisting of palmitoleic acid esterified at the 9-position of hydroxy stearic acid; significantly elevated in serum of glucose tolerant AG4OX mice; may be a bioactive lipid with roles in metabolic syndrome and inflammation.

An analog of MAFP, which has been widely studied as an inhibitor of phospholipases, FAAH, and as a CB receptor ligand; pharmacology of the γ-linolenyl analog of MAFP has not been completely investigated.

A potent and selective competitive antagonist of the EP1 receptor (Ki = 0.6 and 1.7 nM for human and mouse EP1, respectively); effectively reduces tumor incidence and multiplicity in mouse models of colon, breast, and oral cancer; suppresses pain and acid-induced HCO₃- secretion in the stomach.

PGB2 is a non-enzymatic dehydration product resulting from the treatment of PGE2 or PGA2 with strong base. It has weak agonist activity on TP receptors and can increase pulmonary blood pressure in the rabbit at relatively high doses (5 µg/kg).

A metabolite of PGD2 via the 15-hydroxy PGDH pathway.

An internal standard for the quantification of 5-POHSA by GC- or LC-MS.

Bicyclo PGE2 is a stable, base-catalyzed transformation product of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGE2. 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGE2 itself is a metabolite of PGE2 found in human plasma at a median level of 20-25 pg/ml. Due to the inherent instability of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGE2, it is advisable to quantify…

A plant growth regulator that activates various signal transduction pathways with both growth promoting and inhibitory functions, perhaps in response to stress; initially synthesized as (+)7-epi jasmonic acid, a more active and biologically relevant form of the hormone, but quickly epimerizes to…

15(S)-15-methyl PGF2α is a metabolically stable analog of PGF2α. It is a potent uterine stimulant and abortifacient which can be administered intramuscularly to induce labor. It induces luteolysis and reduces serum progesterone concentrations when given as an intramuscular injection in…

An isomer of 17-phenyl trinor PGF2α, characterized by an inverted (β) hydroxyl group at C-15.

An F-series PG analog in which the C-1 carboxyl group has been modified to an N-diethyl amide; dialkyl amides such as a 17-p-PGF2α-NEt2 are inert to corneal amidase activity, and are not converted in any detectable amount to the corresponding free acids.

PGF2α-NEt is an analog of PGF2α in which the C-1 carboxyl group has been modified to an N-ethyl amide. PG esters have been shown to have ocular hypotensive activity. PG N-ethyl amides were recently introduced as alternative prostaglandin ocular hypotensive prodrugs. Although it has been…

A form of FAHFA in which oleic acid is esterified to 13-hydroxy stearic acid.

A major urinary metabolite of PGE2 that is excreted in guinea pig urine at a concentration range of 1.34-2.74.

A potent and selective G9a HMTase inhibitor (IC50 = 6 nM; Ki = 63 pM); more than 40,000-fold selective for G9a over SET7/9, SET8, PRMT3, and JMJD2E.