Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EpETrE; EET) metabolites of arachidonic acid such as 11(12)-EET and 14(15)-EET have been identified as endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factors with vasodilator activity. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) catalyzes the conversion of EETs to the corresponding dihydroxy…

A potent, cell-permeable inhibitor of all JAK isoforms (IC50 = 6.1, 12, and 8.0 nM for JAK1, JAK2, and JAK3, respectively); useful in ameliorating inflammatory or autoimmune components of a host of diseases.

An antifungal agent that acts as an inverse agonist to disrupt Hh signaling (IC₅₀ = 0.8 μM); treatment at 100 mg/kg twice per day has been shown to suppress the growth of medulloblastomas from a Ptch+/-p53-/- mouse allograft model.

A natural alkaloid with antiviral properties, inhibiting the replication of hepatitis B alone and in combination with lamivudine; prevents fibrosis in a number of organs including liver, at least in part by interfering with TGF-β signaling.

GSK2126458 is a potent inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase isoforms (K_is = 19, 130, 24, and 60 pM for p110α, β, δ, and γ, respectively). It also inhibits mTOR in both mTORC1 and mTORC2 (K_is = 180 and 300 nM, respectively), as well as several common…

A selective inhibitor of PFKFB3 (IC₅₀ = 207 nM); rapidly induces apoptosis in transformed cells, suppresses glucose uptake and growth of Lewis lung carcinomas in syngeneic mice, and yields antitumor effects in human xenograft models of cancer in athymic mice.

8-hydroxy Guanine is produced by oxidative damage of DNA or RNA by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, including hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite. It serves as a measure of oxidative stress in biological systems.

An inhibitor of HIF-1α protein translation; suppresses phosphorylation of two key regulators of protein synthesis, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1) and p70 S6 kinase; cytotoxic to a variety of cancer cell lines with an IC₅₀ value of 15-25 µM.

An irreversible, noncompetitive inhibitor of PARP1 that disrupts binding between PARP1 and DNA by interacting with the DNA binding domain; produces rapid apoptosis in the various cancer cell (IC50s = 40-128 μM).

A cell-permeable compound that maintains long-term mouse ESC pluripotency; allows ESCs to form embryoid bodies that continue to express markers of pluripotency when used at 4 µg/ml with Wnt3a; blocks the interaction of Nkd with a subunit of PP2A.

A natural polymethoxylated flavonoid and potent antioxidant with good bioavailability; has anti-inflammatory effects that are relevant to a host of diseases, including cancer, arthritis, and neurodegeneration; inhibits P-glycoprotein and BCRP (IC₅₀ = 11.5 and 4.9 μM, respectively).

A metabolite of dimetridazole, the nitroimidazole-based antibacterial and anticoccidial agent suspected to be carcinogenic and mutagenic to humans.

An analog of trimethoxy resveratrol; inhibits the growth of a variety of human tumor cell lines at concentrations form 0.4 to 2 µg/ml, which is 5-6 times more potent than resveratrol

A potent inhibitor of PORCN (IC₅₀ = 74 pM), completely blocking Wnt secretion into culture media; prevents activation of all evaluated Wnt family members; effective in vivo as well as in vitro; blocks the progression of breast cancer while downregulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway target…

Linolein hydroperoxides are a mixture of 132 possible isomers of mono-, di-, and tri-hydroperoxides produced from the autoxidation of trilinolein. Autoxidation of linoleic acid containing triglycerides (for example, trilinolein) in vivo could result in the formation of these hydroperoxides. Unlike…

An antibacterial and coccidiostat compound that shows selective toxicity for HMLER breast cancer stem cells (IC₅₀ = ~24 μM); 8 μM treatment of 4T1 and MCF-7-Ras breast cancer cell lines decreases cancer stem cell growth ~2-fold and ~3-fold, respectively; 5 mg/kg inhibits mammary…

An acylated amino acid that is used as a urinary biomarker for several indications; increased urinary excretion is indicative of MCAD deficiency; can also be used as a biomarker for exposure to gamma radiation.

A salen-manganese complex with catalase and SOD mimetic activity.

An inhibitor of SRE activation in PC3 cells (IC₅₀ = 6.4 μM), with 87% inhibition of SRE activation achieved at 100 μM; inhibits PC3 cell migration (IC₅₀ = 4.2 μM), as determined by a scratch wound assay; causes no cytotoxicity when evaluated by WST-1 assay.

A racemic mixture of D- and L-phosphinothricin, used as the active ingredient in broad spectrum herbicides; also used, with the bar gene, which encodes phosphinothricin acetyltransferase, for selection during genetic engineering in plants.

A fatty acid amide from T. titanicus that at 0.1 μg/ml protects against ER stress-dependent cell death in Neuro2a cells induced by tunicamycin.

A dual inhibitor of COX and LOX pathways, that decreases levels of PGE2, LTB4, and lipoxins and prevents LPS-stimulated IL-1β expression.

An anthracycline antitumor antibiotic agent that inhibits DNA topoisomerase II by inducing double-stranded DNA breaks; inhibits nucleic acid synthesis and induces apoptosis by intercalating within DNA.

Can be formed by the dimerization of two molecules of α-trans-cinnamic acid; significantly blocks inflammatory pain while having little effect on neurogenic pain, as indicated by the formalin test in mice.

An analytical reference material categorized as a phytocannabinoid; intended for research and forensic applications

An imidazotetrazine that is converted to a compound capable of alkylating DNA, thus interfering with DNA replication and leading to cytotoxicity in proliferating cells; rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration and readily crosses the blood-brain barrier.

A potent disruptor of microtubules used as a chemotherapeutic compound; inhibits growth of cervical (HeLa), lung (A549), breast (MCF-7), colon (HT-29), ovarian (OVG-1), and pancreatic (PC-Sh) carcinomas with IC50 values ranging from 2.5-7.5 nM; induces mitotic arrest and initiates apoptosis of…

A prodrug for A-771726 that regulates T lymphocyte progression through the cell cycle by selectively inhibiting de novo pyrimidine synthesis; used to slow the disease progression of rheumatoid arthritis and as an immunosuppressive agent to prevent rejection of transplant allografts and xenografts.

A selective allosteric inhibitor of Bcr-Abl (IC₅₀s = 4.52, 0.38, and 0.93 µM against Bcr-Abl mutants G250E, E255V, and M351T, respectively); displays additive inhibitory activity against T315I Bcr-Abl mutants both in in vitro assays and in a recalcitrant T315I Bcr-Abl mutant mouse…

An inhibitor of p53-Mdm2 interaction (IC50 = 0.09 µM); induces the expression of p53-regulated genes and exhibits potent antiproliferative activity in cells with functional p53.

A competitive, non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist (IC₅₀s = 0.3 and 1.5 μM for AMPA and kainate receptors, respectively, versus IC₅₀ = 25 μM for NMDA receptors).

A nonpurine inhibitor of xanthine oxidoreductase (Ki = 0.7 nM) that has proven effective in lowering serum urate levels when administered to manage hyperuricemia in patients with gout.