An antibacterial antibiotic that acts by interfering directly with the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan, which constitutes the major component of the bacterial cell wall, leading to structural instability and death of bacteria; used as a selective antibiotic for resistant bacteria.

An analgesic and antipyretic compound; inhibits COX-2 activity by more than 80%, albeit at relatively high doses, while it is less effective against COX-1.

A non-selective, irreversible COX inhibitor with IC₅₀ values of 0.75 and 1.25 mM for ovine COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.

Guaiacol is a phenolic natural product first isolated from Guaiac resin and the oxidation of lignin. Guaiacol is readily oxidized by the heme iron of peroxidases including the peroxidase of COX enzymes. It can therefore serve as a reducing co-substrate for COX reactions. The one-electron oxidation…

An aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits protein translation by binding to the small subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes; commonly used for the prevention of bacterial contamination of cell cultures.

PPARγ is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in the regulation of lipid homeostasis and may function as a master regulator of adipogenesis. Ligands for PPARγ include antidiabetic drugs of the thiazolidinedione structural class, 15-deoxy-.DELTA.12,14-PGJ2, and NSAIDS. BADGE…

A free radical scavenger with diverse protective effects in vivo; reduces damage due to ischemia-reperfusion injury in lung, liver, and brain in animal models of transplant, infection, traumatic brain injury, and stroke.

An organic disulfide that inhibits TGM2 with an IC₅₀ value of approximately 2.5 mM; neuroprotective in mouse models of Huntington’s disease; also inhibits caspase 3, increases intracellular glutathione, and reduces inflammation in a rat model of inflammatory bowel disease.