Heparin is a polymer classified as a mucopolysaccharide or a glycosoaminoglycan. It is biosynthesized and stored in mast cells of various mammalian tissues, particularly liver, lung and mucosa. It is made up of repeated disaccharide units consisting of 1,4-linked L-iduronic acid and D-glucosamine.…

Citrinin is a fungal metabolite found in moldy rice. Citrinin was used to evaluate toxicity of the mycotoxin citrinin using yeast ORF DNA microarray and Oligo DNA microarray.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), a polypeptide hormone produced by the human placenta, is composed of an alpha and a beta sub-unit. The alpha sub-unit is essentially identical to the alpha sub-units of the human pituitary gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone…

Muscimol is a structural analog of γ-amino butyric acid. It functions as a GABA-agonist: a positive analog of the natural transmitter, which can activate GABA receptors in the brain. Muscimol is an isoxazole derivative occurring naturally in the mushroom Amanita muscaria. Muscimol has been…

Limonin is a natural compound found in grapefruit and other citrus seeds. Limonin is a triterpenoid aglycone that is a bitter principle of citrus fruits. It has been shown to inhibit chemically induced carcinogenesis and demonstrates anti feedant properties. Limonin may be used in assays to…

Insulin is the primary polypeptide hormone responsible for controlling the cellular uptake, utilization and storage of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids while inhibiting the breakdown of glycogen, protein and fat. It is produced by pancreatic beta cells. Methods for immobilizing insulin on…

Isodesmosine is prepared according to the method of Starcher, et al. from hdrolyzed bovine neck ligament by solvent extraction and chromatography on Dowex 50.

Arachidonic Acid is an essential fatty acid. Occurs in liver, brain, glandular organs, and depot fats of animals, in small amounts in human depot fats, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. Arachidonic Acid is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and…

Forskolin is the major diterpene isolated from the Indian plant Coleus forskohlii. At low doses, forskolin is a positive inotropic agent in dogs, cats, spontaneously hypertensive and normal rats and in an isolated guinea pig heart (Langendorf) preparation. At higher doses, forskolin is a…

Cafestol is a diterpene molecule present in coffee. Cafestol is a natural extract which induces glutathione S-transferase. It is used to study mechanisms of anti-oxidation related to hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress and DNA damage. Cafestol acts as a GST(glutathione S-transferase)…