A natural meroterpene that has retinol-like effects on gene expression and properties of the skin; has antioxidant and antibacterial actions; inhibits DNA polymerase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (IC50 = 41 µM).

A peptide antagonist of PAR2 which blocks activation by trypsin (IC₅₀ = ~50 μM) but not by the synthetic agonist SLIGRL-NH2; does not affect thrombin-induced activation of PAR1 or trypsin-mediated proteolysis of casein; used to study PAR2 action in cells and in animals.

An inactive analog of U-73122; can be used as a negative control.

A selective, cell permeable inhibitor of MLCK (IC₅₀ = 50 nM).

A fluorogenic substrate of palmitoyl-protein thioesterase.

A sulfated bile acid that is used to induce pancreatic acinar cell injury in models of pancreatitis and to study bile acid transport.

A dual inhibitor of DNA-PK and PI3K.

A potent peptide agonist of the GLP-1 receptor (Ki = 136 pM); stimulates glucose-induced insulin secretion in isolated rat islets and proinsulin expression in mouse insulinoma βTC-1 cells, supporting efficacy in type 2 diabetes; protects hippocampal neurons against glutamate-induced apoptosis.

5-trans PGE2 occurs naturally in some gorgonian corals and is a common impurity in commercial lots of PGE1. It is 18 times more potent than PGE2 in activating adenylate cyclase in NCB-20 cell homogenates. 5-trans PGE2 accelerates fibrinolysis by enhancing plasminogen activation mediated by…

A dual antagonist of TP and EP4 receptors; inhibits TxA2-induced platelet aggregation (IC₅₀ = 0.26 μM) and bronchial smooth muscle contraction; impairs PGE2-mediated relaxation of piglet saphenous vein, suppresses serum-induced proliferation of fibroblasts, and reduces metastasis in a…

Inhibits smooth MLCK (Ki = 0.3 µM) 10-fold more potently than its parent compound ML-9.

A fluorogenic substrate for human leukocyte and porcine pancreatic elastase; excitation: 355-380 nm; emission 440-460 nm.

A potent inhibitor of PORCN (IC₅₀ = 74 pM), completely blocking Wnt secretion into culture media; prevents activation of all evaluated Wnt family members; effective in vivo as well as in vitro; blocks the progression of breast cancer while downregulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway target…

A potent, reversible, and cell permeable proteasome inhibitor; a more effective inhibitor of chymotrypsin-like, trypsin-like, and peptidylglutamyl peptide hydrolyzing proteasome activities compared to (S)-MG132 (IC₅₀s = 0.22 versus 0.89 µM (ChTL); 34.4 versus 104.43 µM (TL);…

An endogenous agonist for LXRα (EC₅₀ = 325 nM) that can induce the expression of the ABCA1 reverse cholesterol transporter to inhibit the overall absorption of cholesterol; used as a substrate to monitor cholesterol transport or as an endogenous positive control for testing LXR agonists.

17-phenyl trinor PGA2 is a synthetic prostaglandin analog designed for increased half-life and greater potency. There are no published reports of the biological activity of 17-phenyl trinor PGA2 in the literature at this time.

A microbial metabolite that binds the TCR on Vγ9Vδ2 peripheral blood lymphocytes with high affinity (EC50 = 0.39 nM); induces the expansion of human memory Vγ9Vδ2 T cells.

A selective antagonist of the dopamine D3 receptor (pKi = 8.0); has high oral bioavailability and enters the central nervous system of the rat.

A potent and selective competitive antagonist of the EP1 receptor (Ki = 0.6 and 1.7 nM for human and mouse EP1, respectively); effectively reduces tumor incidence and multiplicity in mouse models of colon, breast, and oral cancer; suppresses pain and acid-induced HCO₃- secretion in the stomach.

8-iso PGF2β is an isomer of PGF2α with a non-enzymatic, non-cyclooxygenase origin. It is one of 64 possible isomers of PGF2α which can be produced by free radical peroxidation of arachidonic acid. 8-iso PGF2β exhibits very weak contraction of human umbilical vein artery and…

Inhibits several isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC; IC₅₀ = 7, 7, 6, 10, 60, and 20,000 nM for PKCα, PKCβ, PKCγ, PKCδ, PKCζ, and PKCμ, respectively); provides cardioprotective effects in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion.

A potent inhibitor of several CDKs with selectivity for Cdk2 (IC₅₀s = 22, 40, and 200 nM for Cdk2/cyclin A, Cdk1/cyclin B, and Cdk4/cyclin D1); has anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity in tumor cells.

An inhibitor of the yeast PITP Sec14, blocking both Sec14-mediated transfer of [3H]-PtdIns in vitro and growth (IC₅₀s = 0.21 and 2.87 µM, respectively).

A FAHFA in which oleic acid occurs at the 12-position on hydroxy stearic acid.

A DR5 agonist (Kd= 1.2 µM; IC₅₀ = 2 µM) that induces DR5 clustering, which leads to the initiation of FADD/caspase-8-dependent apoptosis in various cancer cells.

A reversible inhibitor of the auto and transphosphorylation kinase activity of the ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase superfamily: EGFR (IC₅₀ = 8 µM), ErbB-2 (IC₅₀ = 49 nM), ErbB3, and ErbB4 (IC₅₀ = 52 nM); induces G1 cell cycle arrest in MCF10A breast cancer cells.

An aminopyrimidine derivative that inhibits GSK3α and GSK3β (IC50s = 10 and 6.7 nM, respectively); activates glycogen synthesis in CHO-IR cells (EC50 = 0.8 μM) and in isolated type 1 diabetic rat skeletal muscle; has been shown to promote self-renewal of embryonic stem cells.

IDO-IN-1 is a potent indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor that demonstrates IC₅₀ values of 59 and 12 nM for human IDO enzymatic activity and HeLa cell assays, respectively. It is inactive against tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TOD; IC₅₀ > 10 µM).

Adipokinetic hormone is a neuropeptide hormone found in insects that is involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms. Adipokinetic hormone also increases activity of peptidase, lipase, amylase, and polygalacturonase in the salivary glands. In brain samples treated with H2O2, this peptide…

Formed by the oxidation of ebselen; lacks antioxidant acitivity.

A fluorogenic substrate for chitinases and chitotriosidases.

A mycotoxin produced by A. ochraceus, A. carbonarius, and P. verrucosum that is commonly found as a food contaminant (Tolerable Weekly Intake = 100 ng/kg body weight per day); triggers nephropathy, induces renal adenomas, and initiates skin tumors through events involving oxidative stress,…