The ethanolamine amide of DHA that has been detected in both brain and retina at concentrations similar to those for AEA; binds to the rat brain CB1 receptor (Ki = 324 nM), which is approximately 10-fold higher than the Ki for AEA; inhibits shaker-related voltage-gated potassium channels in brain…

An apigenin flavone C-glycoside isolated from various tropical plant species that demonstrates broad antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antinociceptive activities.

A succinimide that is converted to N-desmethylmethosuximide, a channel blocker that targets low threshold calcium currents; inhibits CYP2C19-mediated metabolism of biguanides; has anticonvulsant properties in clinical trials.

A cell permeable, selective inhibitor of the EGFR kinase (IC₅₀s = 21, 63, and 4 nM for EGFR and the L858R and L861Q EGFR mutants, respectively).

A nucleoside analog with antiviral activity, inhibiting thymidine kinases from herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 with Ki values of 0.14 and 0.95 µM, while blocking green monkey Vero cell thymidine kinase less effectively (Ki = 53 µM).

n-Triacontanol is a plant growth regulator found in the plant cuticle waxes and in beeswax as the palmitate ester. n-Triacontanol has been reported to have growth enhancing properties when applied to the leaves of growing plants.

A potent, selective inhibitor of Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 that demonstrates IC50 values of 4.5 and 26 nM in mouse and human enzymatic assays, respectively.

A NO donor with a half-life of three hours at 37°C, pH 7.4; liberates two moles of NO per mole of parent compound.

A broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic which has a particularly long half-life in serum; commonly used in the treatment of acne in older patients; also has both anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective actions.

A selective autotaxin inhibitor (IC50 = 5.7 nM) that has been shown to dose-dependently block thrombin-induced LPA secretion in platelets.

A non-ionic, water-soluble X-ray contrast agent for intravascular administration; can cause acute kidney injury and is used in animal models of contrast-induced nephropathy.

A biotinylated reagent used for the detection and quantification of apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites in damaged DNA; reacts with aldehyde groups formed when reactive oxygen species depurinate DNA, thereby covalently linking biotin to these AP sites.

A selective inhibitor of PI3Kα that is equipotent against both wild type and several mutant isoforms (IC₅₀s = 4.0-4.8 nM); dose-dependently inhibits the growth of PI3Kα-dependent xenograft tumors in mice, alone or in combination with other kinase inhibitors.

1-Hexadecyl lysophosphatidic acid is an ether analog of LPA containing a hexadecyl group at the sn-1 position. LPA binds to five different GPCRs to mediate a variety of biological responses including cell proliferation, smooth muscle contraction, platelet aggregation, neurite retraction, and cell motility.

An orally bioavailable, reversible inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 (IC₅₀s = 5.9 and 5.7 nM, respectively) that has been shown to inhibit cytokine-induced phosphorylation of STAT3 in healthy human volunteers.

A monoacetylated derivative of spermine (Item No. 18041), an endogenous polyamine synthesized from spermidine (Item No. 14918), that displays lower Km and higher Vmax values than spermine, making it a better substrate of polyamine oxidase than the non-acetylated polyamine.

Selectively inhibits MEK1/2; potently inhibits growth and survival of human INA-6 multiple myeloma cells and cytokine-induced osteoclast differentiation (IC50s = 10 and 18.2 nM, respectively); 30 mg/kg reduced tumor growth significantly in mice bearing H929 MM xenografts.

A potent and selective inhibitor of the TGF-β1 receptor ALK5 (IC₅₀ = 94 nM), ALK4 (IC₅₀ = 140 nM) and, less effectively, ALK7; suppresses renewal in embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells and promotes their differentiation.

A nonpurine inhibitor of xanthine oxidoreductase (Ki = 0.7 nM) that has proven effective in lowering serum urate levels when administered to manage hyperuricemia in patients with gout.

A small molecule inhibitor of nucleophosmin dimers that can prevent cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines (IC₅₀s = 1.4-4 µM).

A small molecule pan activator of Ras-related GTPases, activating cdc42, Ras, and Rac1 with EC₅₀ values of 102, 109, and 151 nM, respectively.

8-hydroxy Guanine is produced by oxidative damage of DNA or RNA by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, including hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite. It serves as a measure of oxidative stress in biological systems.

A potent, competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase (Ki = 0.12 nM).

A selective inhibitor of HDAC3 (IC₅₀ = 289 nM) that alone or in combination with bortezomib has been shown to dose-dependently inhibit tumor growth in a mouse model of multiple myeloma.

A potent disruptor of microtubules used as a chemotherapeutic compound; inhibits growth of cervical (HeLa), lung (A549), breast (MCF-7), colon (HT-29), ovarian (OVG-1), and pancreatic (PC-Sh) carcinomas with IC50 values ranging from 2.5-7.5 nM; induces mitotic arrest and initiates apoptosis of…

An analog of SB203580, the highly specific pyridinylimidazole inhibitor of p38 MAPK; inhibits IL-1 production in the human monocytic cell line THP (IC50 = 0.20 µM) and binds CSAID binding protein, a serine/threonine kinase homologous to p38, inhibiting its kinase activity (IC50 = 0.03 µM).

An indole-based, time-dependent inhibitor of Icmt (IC₅₀ = i = 0.14 µM for the final complex); decreases mTOR signaling, accumulation of cells in the G1 phase, and autophagy-mediated cell death in PC3 prostate cancer cells.

One of a number of lipophilic, long acyl side-chain bearing AHLs produced by the LuxI AHL synthase homolog SinI involved in quorum-sensing signaling in Sinorhizobium meliloti, a nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbiont of certain legumes; the most abundant AHL produced by the proteobacterium Rhodobacter…

A tumor vascular disrupting agent, inducing apoptosis in tumor vascular endothelium resulting in necrosis at the tumor core; potently activates the STING/TBK1/IRF3 signaling pathway in mouse leukocytes, inducing type-I-IFN production; inhibits VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 (IC₅₀ = 119 and 11…

An inhibitor of cancer stem cells, displaying 32-fold selective inhibition of a breast cancer stem cell-like cell line (EC₅₀ = 2.0 µM) over a control (mammary epithelial) cell line (EC₅₀ = 64 µM).

A GABAA receptor agonist whose potency varies depending on the receptor subunit composition (partial agonist at α1β2γ2 (ED50 = 143 µM), full agonist at α5 (ED50 = 28-129 µM), and super agonist at α4β3δ (ED50 = 6 µM)); acts as an antagonist…

Reversibly inhibits dihyroorotate dehydrogenase, the rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of pyrimidines, preventing DNA synthesis of activated lymphocytes (IC₅₀s = 0.09, 3.5, and 12.5 μM for rat, mouse, and human, respectively); also inhibits tyrosine kinases responsible for…