An N-acetylglucosamine derivative that has been shown to promote hyaluronic acid production.

A natural form of vitamin A that is thermally more stable than retinol; can reduce cell proliferation and promote differentiation.

A naturally occurring plant hormone of the auxin class that stimulates cell elongation and division, promoting plant growth and development.

A central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo, providing the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serving as a coenzyme in a wide array of enzymatic reactions; acts a substrate for kinases involved in cell signaling and of adenylate cyclases that produce the second messenger cAMP.

An atypical, second generation antipsychotic compound that has effects at multiple receptors; antagonizes dopamine D1, D2, and D3 receptors, serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT7 receptors, and α1A, α1B, and α2C adrenergic receptors.

Induces protein expression where the gene is under the control of the lac operator by triggering transcription of the lac operon in cloning procedures.

A polypeptide antibiotic effective against Gram-negative bacteria, including P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, and K. pneumoniae.

A trihydroxybenzoic acid that demonstrates antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH• and HO• (IC50s = 9.4 and 191 μM, respectively) and inhibiting microsomal lipid peroxidation (IC50 = 1.51 μM).

An antimycotic prodrug that is converted by cytosine deaminase to 5-fluorouracil, a cytotoxic drug that inhibits viral infections and has cytotoxic effects on cancer cells.

Cimetidine is an antihistamine that inhibits H2 histamine receptors, exhibiting antacid and anticancer chemotherapeutic activities. Cimetidine inhibits catalase activity and also acts as an antagonist at androgen receptors. Cimetidine increases the efficacy of chemotherapeutic compounds when…

Valproic Acid, Sodium Salt is a branched chain fatty acid which is reported to enhance central GABAergic neurotransmission and inhibit Na+ channels. Sodium Valproate is reported to cause inositol depletion, activate the ERK pathway, inhibit GSK-3α and GSK-3β. Valproic Acid has been…

A third generation fluoroquinolone with antibacterial activity; inhibits type II topoisomerases (IC₅₀s = 8.06 and 9.81 µg/ml for DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, respectively).

A long-acting ascorbic acid derivative that stimulates collagen expression and formation and is used in human cell culture; included in media to enhance the survival of human embryonic stem cells or drive osteogenic differentiation in human adipose stem cells and in human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells.

An H2S donor commonly used in cellular and whole animal experimental systems.

A mixture of proteolytic enzymes derived from the stem and fruit of pineapple plants; studied for a number of potential beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, fibrinolytic, and anti-cancer functions.

An NSAID that non-selectively and reversibly inhibits both COX isoforms (IC₅₀ = 1.57 and 1.69 μM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively).

A nonspecific, irreversible inhibitor of serine proteases and other enzymes, including acetylcholinesterase, palmityl coenzyme A deacylase, arylsulfatase A, chymotrypsin, and trypsin; also known to block anandamide metabolism, which produces CB effects in mice, including antinociception,…

An indoleamine neurohormone whose levels vary in a daily cycle, thereby allowing the entrainment of the circadian rhythms of several biological functions in animals, plants, and microbes; acts as a powerful antioxidant that protects lipids, proteins, and DNA against oxidative damage.

An aminocyclitol antibiotic active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria; inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit and interfering with peptidyl tRNA translocation.

An unsaturated fatty acid found in royal jelly produced from the hypopharyngeal and mandibular gland secretions of honeybees; isolated in conjunction with 10-HDA (Item No. 10976) and both demonstrate weak estrogenic activity, inhibiting binding of 17β-estradiol (Item No. ISO60155) to estrogen…

Caffeic acid is an inhibitor of 5-LO with an IC₅₀ value of 3.7-72 µM and 12-LO with an IC₅₀ value of 5.1-30 µM.

A selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator used as adjuvant therapy for estrogen-dependent breast cancer; increases ER activity in bone, uterus, and the cardiovasculature system as it decreases ER activity in breast tissues; metabolized by CYP450 enzymes to active metabolites; alters cholesterol…

A synthetic antibiotic that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), with prominent selectivity for bacterial DHFR over mammalian DHFR (IC₅₀s = 5 and 30,000 nM, respectively); commonly used in combination with sulfamethoxazole to minimize acquired resistance.

A colorimetric peroxidase substrate that has been used as a substrate to semi-quantitatively measure lactate, uric acid, and glucose; spectrophotometrically measured at a wavelength of 405 nm.

3-Thiopheneacrylic acid methyl ester is a synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.

A natural product from the bark of apple trees that reduces plasma glucose levels by blocking renal and intestinal glucose absorption through competitive inhibition of SGLT1 and SGLT2; exhibits Ki values of 140 and 11 nM, respectively, at 37°C, for human SGLT1 and SGLT2, respectively.

A non-metabolizable glucose analog widely used as a glycolytic inhibitor to study metabolic activity with related to cancer, neurodegeneration, calorie restriction, and aging.

A noncompetitive, irreversible α-adrenergic receptor antagonist (IC₅₀ = 34.2 nM for α1; Kis = 0.06, 0.01, and 0.06 µM for α2A, α2B, and α2C, respectively) with antihypertensive activity; covalently binds the adrenergic receptor, resulting in a blockade…

A penicillanic acid sulfone that acts as an irreversible inhibitor of β-lactamases; effective against a wide variety of serine β-lactamases produced by common Gram-negative and Gram-positive aerobes and anaerobes.

A polymer film used to manufacture high-performance membranes for dialysis, reverse osmosis, ion sensing, and separation; used in the production of photographic film and polarized film for liquid crystal displays.

An anthelmintic that is effective against F. hepatica, reducing secreted protease enzyme activities that are critical for the invasion, migration, nutrition, and survival of the parasite; demonstrates a protective role during various cellular stresses in yeast and mammalian cells.

Spermine is a naturally occuring polyamine that occurs in all eukaryotes, but is rare in prokaryotes. It is essential for cell growth in both normal and neoplastic tissue. Spermine is formed through the addition of an aminopropyl group to spermidine by spermine synthase. Spermine is strongly basic…