2-Mercaptoethanol is a hybrid of ethylene glycol and 1,2-ethanedithiol. It is used to reduce disulfide bonds and can act as a biological antioxidant by scavenging hydroxyl radicals. It is widely used because the hydroxyl group confers solubility in water and lowers the volatility. Due to its diminished vapor pressure, its odour, while unpleasant, is less objectionable than related thiols.
2-Mercaptoethanol is used to reduce disulfide linkages in solubilizing proteins for gel electrophoresis (typically used in SDS-PAGE sample buffer at 5% concentration). It also reduces excess oxidative polymerization of catalysts. Cleaving intermolecular (between subunits) disulfide bonds allows the subunits of a protein to separate independently on SDS-PAGE. Cleaving intramolecular (within subunit) disulfide bonds allows the subunits to become completely denatured so that each peptide migrates according to its chain length with no influence due to secondary structure. In solution, 2-mercaptoethanol is readily oxidized in air to a disulfide, especially at alkaline pH. Because of this property, it is widely used to protect proteins, enzymes in particular, from becoming inactive. An excess of 2-mercaptoethanol (generally used at 0.01 M) will maintain the protein thiol groups in their reduced state.
Grade: Cell Culture Reagent
Purity: ≥98%
Suitability: Suitable for cell culture
Key Applications: Reducing agent
Application Areas: Molecular Biology and Proteomics
Product Type: Biochemicals
Biochemical Category: Biochemicals
Density: 1.12 g/cm3 at 20°C (Lit.)
Auto Ignition: 295°C (Lit.)
Boiling Point: 154 - 161°C (Lit.)
Melting Point: < -50°C (Lit.)
Vapor Density: 2.69 (air = 1) (Lit.)
Vapor Pressure: 0.76 hPa at 20°C (Lit.)
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.500 (Lit.)
Presentation: Liquid
Format: Liquid
Formulation: The pure liquid (as supplied) is a 14.3 M liquid.
Solubility: Miscible with water, alcohol, ether and benzene.
Storage & Handling: Room Temperature