M17 broth is based on the formulation described by Terzaghi and Sandine (1) for the cultivation and enumeration of lactic Streptococci and their bacteriophages. M17 Broth is a modification of M16 Medium (2). Lactic Streptococci are nutritionally fastidious and require complex media for optimal…

Heterotrophs are organisms including bacteria, yeasts and moulds that require an external source of organic carbon for growth. The heterotrophic plate count (HPC), formerly known as the standard plate count, is a procedure for estimating the number of live heterotrophic bacteria in water and…

Plate Count Agar is formulated as described by Buchbinder et al (1) which is recommended by APHA (2,3,4) and FDA (5). Casein enzymic hydrolysate provides amino acids and other complex nitrogenous substances. Yeast extract supplies Vitamin B complex. APHA recommends the use of pour plate…

KG agar base is recommended for promoting fast and free sporulation to distinguish between Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis. It is also recommended by APHA. Peptone and yeast extract in the medium supports the growth of B.cereus, B.thuringiensis. Lecithinase activity is observed as an…