IL-15 is a 4-α-helix bundle cytokine playing a pivotal role in stimulation of both innate and adaptive immune cells. It is produced primarily by keratinocytes, skeletal muscle cells, monocytes, and CD4+ T cells. It is a member of the common gamma chain family. The members of the common gamma…

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), also known as colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), is a monomeric glycoprotein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, natural killer cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. GM-CSF is a hematopoietic growth factor that stimulates the…

Basic Fibroblast growth factor (FGFbasic), also known as bFGF, FGF2, FGF-β or HBGF-2, belongs to the FGF family. FGFbasic is involved in a number of biological processes including embryonic development and differentiation, neuron differentiation, survival, and regeneration, and the…

Interleukin-3 (IL-3) is a multilineage hematopoietic growth factor that promotes the proliferation, differentiation and survival of early multilineage hematopoietic progenitors. In particular, this cytokine plays a key role in stimulating the proliferation and survival of myeloid precursors. It is…

EGF (epidermal growth factor) is a 6 kDA, single chain protein that serves a mitogenic factor for numerous cell types, particularly epithelial cells and fibroblasts. It is predominantly produced and secreted by the kidneys in humans. EGF activates cells through binding with its corresponding…

Coagulation factors are a group of related proteins that are essential for normal blood clotting (haemostasis). After an injury, clots protect the body by sealing off damaged blood vessels and preventing further blood loss. Prothrombin circulates in the bloodstream in an inactive form until an…

FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3 Ligand) is a growth factor that regulates proliferation of early hematopoietic cells. FLT3 Ligand binds to cells expressing the tyrosine kinase receptor FLT3. FLT3 Ligand by itself does not stimulate proliferation of early hematopoietic cells, but…

Interferon gamma (IFN γ), is a type II interferon that provides immunity against bacterial, viral and protozoan infections. In its active form, IFN γ is a glycosylated, non-covalently linked homodimer of 29-32 kDa subunits. It is produced by a number of immune cell types including…

Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4), also known as BMP2B and DVR4, belongs to the TGF-beta family. BMPs have been shown to promote astroglial differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. BMP-4 can also induce cartilage and bone formation (PMID 16234975). Xeno-free Recombinant Human BMP-4 is…

TGFB, also named as LAP and TGFB1, is a multifunctional peptide that controls proliferation, and cell differentiation. TGF acts synergistically with TGFA in inducing transformation process. It also acts as a negative autocrine growth factor. Dysregulation of TGFB activation and signaling may result…

Cystatin C is a 13-kDa protein that is expressed globally in the body. In healthy individuals, glomerular filtration in the kidney maintains it at a safe level. When kidney function is impaired, Cystatin C levels rise quickly. This makes it an early and sensitive biomarker of renal dysfunction…

Interferon alpha 2 is a type 1 interferon secreted by virus-infected cells to protect surrounding cells from the pathogen. Recombinant human interferon alpha 2 has been approved for therapeutic application in a range of human oncological and viral diseases. Three Interferon alpha 2 subvariants (2A,…

Serum albumin is the most abundant protein in blood plasma and has a vast number of roles including oncotic pressure and detoxification. It has important applications in medicine, including treatment of trauma and blood loss (PMID 7027277, 2574367). HumanKine® GMP (Good Manufacturing…

Oncostatin M (OSM) is a member of a cytokine family that includes a leukemia-inhibitory factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin 6. OSM is a growth regulator which inhibits the proliferation of some tumor cell lines. It can stimulate proliferation of AIDS-KS cells. It…

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is the most potent mitogen of mature hepatocytes in primary culture. It is secreted by mesenchymal cells and acts as a multi-functional cytokine on cells of mainly epithelial origin (PMID 1530787, 2531289). HGF exerts a variety of effects on several cells, such as…

HumanKine® GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) recombinant proteins are manufactured and validated in accordance with ISO 13485 quality management system and is compliant with GMP. Our GMP recombinant proteins are animal component free (ACF), xeno free (XF) and tag free (TF).

Noggin is an inhibitor of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) signaling which is required for growth and patterning of the neural tube and somite. It is essential for cartilage morphogenesis and joint formation. Noggin inhibits chondrocyte differentiation through its interaction with GDF5 and GDF6…

The transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGFβ-3) protein is found throughout the body and is required for development before birth and throughout life. TGFβ-3 binds to the receptor proteins on the surface of cells. This binding triggers the transmission of signals within the cell. As part…

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a four-helix bundle, type I cytokine that functions as a growth factor for a wide range of leukocytes. In the immune system, IL-2 is essential for immune homeostasis, normal T regulatory cell function, and self-tolerance. It regulates immune cell homeostasis and has been…

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine. IL-6 protein is secreted by a variety of cell types including T cells and macrophages. IL-6 plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into immunoglobulin-secreting…

IL-12 is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of two glycosylated and disulfide-linked subunits (p40 cysteine-linked to p35). IL-12 is a potent regulator of cell mediated immune responses and it induces IFN-gamma production by NK and T cells. It is produced by activated monocytes/macrophage cells, B…

Interleukin-7 (IL7) is a cytokine involved in B and T cell development. It plays an active role in the development, survival, maintaining and restoring homeostasis of mature T lymphocytes and is a key regulator of the commitment, survival, proliferation and maturation of B cells during development.…

LIF is a pleiotropic cytokine with a variety of roles. It is involved in the induction of hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, induction of neuronal cell differentiation, regulator of mesenchymal to epithelial conversion during kidney development, and may also have a…

This gene is a member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. It encodes a heparin-binding protein, which exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer (PMID 10838264; 11329058). This growth factor induces proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells and is essential for physiological and…

Interleukin 9 (IL-9) is a γc-family cytokine produced by T-helper 9 (Th9) cells. IL-9 promotes the survival and activation of various cellular targets, including mast cells, B cells, T cells, and structural cells. Its expression is considered a hallmark of Th2-lineage cells. Primarily studied…

Interleukin-4 (IL-4), a member of the α-helical cytokine family, is produced by activated CD4+ T cells, basophils, and mast cells. It promotes the proliferation and differentiation of antigen presenting cells. IL4 also plays a pivotal role in antibody isotype switching and stimulates the…

Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) superfamily. BMP-2 induces bone formation and regeneration during early embryonic development (PMID 16234975). It is involved in the hedgehog pathway, TGF beta signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine…

IL-21 is a type I, 4-α-helix bundle cytokine primarily produced by CD4+ T cells and NK cells. It is a strong activator of proliferation and antibody production in B cells but does signal to numerous other immune cells as well. Elevated IL-21 signaling can promote several autoimmune diseases…

Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGFB2) belongs to the TGF-beta family. TGFB2 is a secreted protein known as a cytokine that plays a vital role during embryonic development (PMID 19289080). TGFB2 regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration by transducing the signal through…

Wnt3A is a member of the Wnt family that consists of structurally linked genes that encode secreted signalling proteins. This protein is associated with oncogenesis and also regulation of cell fate and patterning during embryogenesis. It plays a key role in maintaining the integrity of embryonic…

IFN beta is a member of type I family of interferons. It binds to the IFNα/β receptor (IFNAR), activating the Jak/ STAT pathway. Activation of this signaling pathway results in upregulating genes that inhibit viral infection and regulate MHC class I antigens. It is primarily produced by…

Fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF-4) plays an important physiologically role in the self-renewal of human embryonic stem cells (PMID 21990129). It also promotes stem cell proliferation and may aid in differentiation. Xeno-free Recombinant Human FGF-4 is expressed in human 293 cells as a monomeric…