Cytokines are immunomodulatory polypeptides that play key roles in both adaptive and innate immune responses. A generic term, "cytokines" includes myokines (produced by muscle cells), lymphokines (produced by activated Th cells), interleukins (acting as mediators between T cells), and chemokines (responsible for T-cell migration). One of the regulatory mechanisms of the immune system, cytokines act at the recognition, activation, or effector phases of an immune response, modulating the development and functional activities of the subtypes of T cells, B cells, and myeloid cells. Research involving cytokines plays a significant role in achieving a deeper understanding of the immune system and its multi-faceted response to most antigens, especially those responses that make up the inflammatory process. Low levels of inflammation are involved in many clinical and sub-clinical disease states, such as autoimmune disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurological disorders, and cancer. Measuring picogram levels of cytokines, therefore, is critical for understanding the pathogenesis of these diseases. Panel Type: Cytokines/Chemokines
Application:
•Analytes: GM-CSF, IFNgamma, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IL-17A, KC/CXCL1, LIX, MCP-1, MIP-2, TNF-alpha
•Recommended Sample type: serum, plasma, tissue culture or other media
•Recommended Sample dilution: neat or 1:2 diluted serum or plasma
•Assay Run Time: Overnight
•Research Category: Inflammation & Immunology
•Research Subcategory: Immune Response Metabolic Disorders Chronic Inflammatory Disease Cardiovascular Disease
Legal Information: MILLIPLEX is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Other Notes: Sensitivity: Please see protocol for sensitivity of individual analytes.