A more lipid soluble form of (+)-cloprostenol, possibly serving as a prodrug for the bioactive free acid.

An alkaloid metabolite of nicotine as well as a major product of its pyrolysis; binds comparably to CYP2A6 and CYP2A13 (Kis = 7.5 and 5.6 µM, respectively), but appears to more effectively inactivate CYP2A6.

Thioester analogs of glycerophospholipids, in combination with Ellman’s reagent, are convenient colorimetric substrates for the measurement of phospholipase activity. HEPC is a truncated analog of phosphatidylcholine with the entire sn-1 substituent deleted, and with a hexadecylthioester in…

cis-4,10-13,16-Docosatetraenoic acid methyl ester is a long chain PUFA. It is a minor fatty acid component of rat testis lipids. The methyl ester is a neutral, more lipophilic form of the free acid.

An inhibitor of Ras-mediated signaling that inhibits the growth of PANC-1 and U87 tumor cells with IC₅₀ values of 20 and 10 µM, respectively.

A homolog of LOEA, characterized by the addition of an (S)-α-methyl group at the methylene carbon adjacent to the amide nitrogen.

A fatty acid amide derived from ricinoleic acid and methyl benzylamine that demonstrates potent growth inhibition of glioma (U251), breast (MCF-7), ovarian (NCI-ADR/RES and OVCAR-3), kidney (786-0), non-small cell lung (NCI-H460), and prostate (PC-3) cancer cells with a mean GI50 value of 6.9 µM.

A substrate for cPLA₂.

A homolog of EPEA, characterized by the addition of an (R)-α-methyl group at the methylene carbon adjacent to the amide nitrogen.

DGLA is a metabolite produced by chain elongation of the essential fatty acid γ-linolenic acid. Ethyl DGLA is an esterified version of the free acid which is less water soluble, but more ammenable for the formulation of DGLA-containing diets and dietary supplements. DGLA has been advanced as…

A natural sesquiterpene that inhibits the proliferation of a wide range of tumors and enhances the effects of various chemotherapies; 10-40 µg/ml dose-dependently induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase in HepG2 cells, upregulating Fas/FasL expression.

A potent inhibitor of HCV infection (EC₅₀ = 17 nM) that displays low cytotoxicity of virally-infected human hepatoma Huh7.5.1 cells (CC₅₀ = 21.3 µM); displays good pharmacokinetics in mice when delivered intraperitoneally, with preferential liver distribution without…

The four tocopherols (α, β, .delta., and γ) and four tocotrienols (α, β, .delta., and γ) are forms of vitamin E, which is known for its antioxidant activity. Tocotrienols are found at high concentrations in palm oil and rice bran. Recent studies show tocotrienols…

An ester of the free acid that is less water soluble, but more amenable for the formulation of stearidonate-containing diets and dietary supplements.

Cloprostenol is a synthetic PGF2α analog and a potent FP receptor agonist. (+)-15-epi Cloprostenol is the 15(S), or 15β-hydroxy enantiomer of (+)-cloprostenol. This epimer is less active by several orders of magnitude as an FP receptor ligand when compared to 15(R)-cloprostenol. However,…

3-HPA is an analog of AM404, which is a selective inhibitor of carrier-mediated transport of AEA. 3-HPA is metabolized by both COX-1 and COX-2 and also selectively and irreversibly inhibits COX-2 with an IC50 value of 2 µM.

An endogenous CB neurotransmitter that binds to both CB1 and CB2 receptors.

A water soluble prodrug analog of AEA with similar activity to that of AEA in the growth inhibition of C6 glioma cells; also a structural variant of LPA, however, its effects on the various LPA receptors have not been tested.

A structural analog of capsaicin, which is the noxious active component of hot peppers of the Capsicum genus, and the amide of vanillylamine and oleic acid; acts as an agonist at TRPV1, inducing desensitization analgesia in rat and mouse models of pain; potentiates the agonist activity of…

PPHP is a substrate for the measurement of peroxidase enzymes. PPHP has been used to quantitate the peroxidase activity of COX-1 and COX-2.

An 8-aza-9-oxo-15-hydroxy saturated analog of PGE2; selectively binds the EP4 receptor (Ki = 35 nM) relative to the EP1, EP2, and EP3 receptors (Ki = 3,000, 2,000, and >3,000 nM, respectively); stimulates cAMP formation in excised mouse ovaries.

A naturally occurring phospholipid produced by cells upon inflammatory stimulation; less potent than PAF C-16 and PAF C-18 in the induction of neutrophil chemotaxis, but is equipotent to PAF C-16 and PAF C-18 in promoting eosinophil migration.

A lipid peroxidation product derived from oxidized ω-6 PUFAs such as linoleic acid and arachidonic acid which is widely used as a marker of lipid peroxidation.

Travoprost is the Alcon trade name for fluprostenol isopropyl ester, an F-series prostaglandin analog which has been approved for use as an ocular hypotensive drug. Fluprostenol isopropyl ester is a prodrug which is converted by esterase enzymatic activity in the cornea to yield the corresponding…

A natural monoacylglycerol that is metabolized by monoacylglycerol lipase; an agonist of GPR119 (EC₅₀ = 2.5 µM), stimulating the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 from intestinal L-cells.

DAN-1 EE is a fluorescent indicator for the bioimaging of NO. DAN-1 EE is a cell permeable derivative of DAN, a molecule which has been used extensively in the quantitation of nitrate and nitrite using fluorescence spectroscopy. Upon entry into the cell, DAN-1 EE is transformed into the less cell…

Unnatural C-15 epimer of Travoprost.

A homolog of DHEA, characterized by the addition of an (S)-β-methyl group at the terminal ethanolamine carbon.

An endocannabinoid analog that does not bind to CB1, CB2, or TRPV1; at 5 mg/kg antagonizes the hypotensive effects of a 10 mg/kg IV bolus of abnormal cannabidiol (Abn-CBD) in an anesthetized rat blood pressure model; relaxes isolated rat mesenteric arteries and abdominal aorta, and increases the…

Oleyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine is an inhibitor of PLA2 with an IC₅₀ value of 6.2 µM for porcine pancreatic PLA2.

The ethanolamine amide of DHA that has been detected in both brain and retina at concentrations similar to those for AEA; binds to the rat brain CB1 receptor (Ki = 324 nM), which is approximately 10-fold higher than the Ki for AEA; inhibits shaker-related voltage-gated potassium channels in brain…

A homolog of DHEA, characterized by the addition of an (R)-β-methyl group at the terminal ethanolamine carbon.