MIP-2, CXCL2, murine (mouse): Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 2 (MIP-2) was originally identified as a heparin binding protein secreted from a murine macrophage cell line in response to endotoxin stimulation. Based on its protein and DNA sequences, MIP-2 is a member of the alpha (CXC)…

CXCL3, CINC-2 beta, rat: The three GRO cDNAs encode 107 amino acid precursor proteins from which the N-terminal 34 amino acid residues are cleaved to generate the mature GROs. There are no potential N-linked glycosylation sites in the amino acid sequences. GRO expression is inducible by serum…

GMF beta, Glia Maturation Factor beta, human: GMF-β, a brain-specific protein that belongs to the actin-binding proteins (ADF) structural family. GMF-β appears to play a role in the differentiation, maintenance, and regeneration of the nervous system. It also supports the…

EPO, human: Human Erythropoietin Erythropoietin (EPO), a glycoprotein produced primarily by the kidney, is the principal factor that regulates erythropoiesis by stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells. The production of EPO by kidney cells is increased in…

IL-1 beta, Interleukin-1 beta, monkey (rhesus macaque): IL-1 beta is a proinflammatory cytokine produced in a variety of cells including monocytes, tissue macrophages, keratinocytes, and other epithelial cells. Both IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta binds to the same receptor and has similar if not…

IFN omega, human: Interferon-Omega (IFN-ω) coded by IFNW1 gene in human, is a number of the type I interferon family, which includes IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-ω. The IFNAR-1/IFNAR-2 receptor complex can help with the signal transduction, followed the antiviral or the…

FGF-18, human: Human FGF-18 is encoded by the FGF18 gene. By phylogenetic analysis and gene location analysis, FGF-18 is divided into FGF-8 subfamily which has three members FGF-8, FGF-17 and FGF-18. Using FGF knockout mice model, the numbers of this subfamily were testified that have crucial…

BD-4, rat: Defensins (alpha and beta) are cationic peptides with antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. They are 2-6 kDa proteins and take important roles in innate immune system. On the basis of their size and pattern of…

M-CSF, murine (mouse): Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (M-CSF), also named CSF-1, is a hematopoietic growth factor that is involved in the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of monocytes, macrophages, and bone marrow progenitor cells. It is produced by osteoblasts (as a result…

FGF-acidic, Fibroblast Growth Factor-acidic, human: FGF acidic, also known as FGF-1 and endothelial cell growth factor, is a member of the FGF family of mitogenic peptides which currently is comprised of at least seven proteins which show 35-55% amino acid sequence conservation. FGF acidic and…

GM-CSF, Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor, murine (mouse): Mouse GM-CSF GM-CSF was initially characterized as a factor that can support the in vitro colony formation of granulocytemacrophage progenitors. It is also a growth factor for erythroid, megakaryocyte, and eosinophil…

GMF beta, rat: Glia Maturation Factor beta (GMF-β), a brain-specific protein that belongs to the actin-binding proteins (ADF) structural family. GMF-β appears to play a role in the differentiation, maintenance, and regeneration of the nervous system. It also supports the…

IL-1 beta, Interleukin-1 beta, human: Human Interleukin-1 beta  IL-1 beta is a proinflammatory cytokine produced in a variety of cells including monocytes, tissue macrophages, keratinocytes and other epithelial cells. Both IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta binds to the same receptor and has…

The Bio Basic IL-36 Beta (153 a.a.), Murine (Mouse) is suitable for use in laboratory use only. It can be stored at a temperature of -15 to 20 degree C.

IFN beta 1b, Interferon beta 1b, human: Human Interferon-β  Interferon-beta is one of the type I interferons produced by fibroblasts in response to stimulation by live or inactivated virus or by double-stranded RNA. It is a cytokine with antiviral, antiproliferative, and…

IL-12, Interleukin-12, human: Interleukin 12, also known as natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF) or cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor (CLMF), is a pleiotropic cytokine originally identified in the medium of activated human B lymphoblastoid cell lines. The p40 subunit of IL-12 has…

Leptin, human: Human Leptin plays a key role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, including appetite and metabolism. It is one of the most important adipose derived hormones. The Ob (Lep) gene (Ob for obese, Lep for leptin) is located on chromosome 7 in humans. The…

FGF-18, murine (mouse): Murine FGF-18 is encoded by the FGF18 gene. By phylogenetic analysis and gene location analysis, FGF-18 is divided into FGF-8 subfamily which has three members FGF-8, FGF-17 and FGF-18. Using FGF knockout mice model, the numbers of this subfamily were testified that…

HCC-1, CCL14 (66 a.a.), human: Human CCL14 is belonging to the CC chemokine family. It is encoded by the gene CCL14. CCL14 has two isoforms, CCL14a (HCC-1) and CCL14b (HCC-3). The sequence of HCC-3 differs from HCC-1 as follow: 27-27 R→ QTGGKPKVVKIQLKLVG. CCL14 was first isolated from the…

Sparc, human: SPARC, an acronym for “secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine”, is also known as osteonectin or BM-40. It is the founding member of a family of secreted matricellular proteins with similar domain structure. The 303 amino acid , 43 kDa protein contains a 17…

IL-7, Interleukin-7, rat: Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is encoded by the IL7 gene and secreted by stromal cells in the red marrow and thymus. It binds to the IL-7 receptor, a heterodimer consisting of IL-7 receptor alpha and IL-2 receptor gamma chain. IL-7 stimulates the differentiation of…

IL-11, Interleukin-11, murine (mouse): Interleukin 11 is a pleiotropic cytokine that was originally detected in the conditioned medium of an IL-1α-stimulated primate bone marrow stromal cell line (PU-34) as a mitogen for the IL-6-responsive murine plasmacytoma cell line T11. IL-11…

Oncostatin M (209 a.a.), human: Oncostatin M  (OSM) is a growth and differentiation factor that participates in the regulation of neurogenesis, osteogenesis and hematopoiesis. Produced by activated T cells, monocytes and Kaposi's sarcoma cells, OSH can exert both stimulatory and…

HCC-4, LEC, NCC-4, CCL16, human: Human HCC-4, also named NCC-4, liver-expressed chemokine (LEC), and lymphocyte and monocyte chemoattractant (LMC), is a novel CC chemokine identified through bioinformatics. HCC-4 cDNA encodes a 120 amino acid (aa) residue precursor protein with a 23 aa residue…

Flt3-Ligand, CX3CL1, human: Flt-3 ligand (FL) is a recently identified hematopoietic cytokine whose activities are mediated by binding to the transmembrane glycoprotein Flt-3. Flt-3 was first discovered as a member of the class III subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) whose expression…

TFF2, Trefoil Factor 2, human: The Trefoil Factor peptides (TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3) are expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and appear to play an important role in intestinal mucosal defense and repair. TFF2 has been shown to inhibit gastrointestinal motility and gastric acid secretion. …

Nesfatin-1, human: Nesfatin-1 is a naturally occurring protein molecule produced by the brains of mammals. Excess nesfatin-1 in the brain leads to a loss of appetite, less frequent hunger, a 'sense of fullness', and a drop in body fat and weight. A lack of nesfatin-1 in the brain…

TFF1, Trefoil Factor 1, human: The Trefoil Factor peptides (TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3) are expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and appear to play an important role in intestinal mucosal defense and repair. TFF1 is essential for normal differentiation of the antral and pyloric gastric mucosa and…

CYR61, human: Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61) encoded by the Cyr61 gene is a dynamically expressed, multifunctional matricellular protein and it is also a secreted, extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated signaling protein of the CCN family. Cyr61 plays essential roles in…

IP-10, CXCL10, rat: γ-Interferon Inducible Protein 10 (IP-10)/CXCL10 was originally identified as an IFN-γ-inducible gene in monocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. It has since been shown that IP-10 mRNA is also induced by LPS, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12 and viruses. …

MCP-4, CCL13, human: CCL13 is a chemoattractant for monocytes and eosinophils and activates basophils. In addition, it has been reported to be chemotactic for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, with an activity almost equivalent to that of MCP-3. The bioactivities of CCL13 is most likely mediated by…

B-Cell Maturation Antigen, BCMA, human: BCMA, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, binds to BAFF and APRIL. BCMA is expressed on mature B-cells and other B-cell lines and plays an important role in B cell development, function and regulation. BCMA also has the capability to activate…