IL-11, Interleukin-11, human: Interleukin 11 is a pleiotropic cytokine that was originally detected in the conditioned medium of an IL-1α-stimulated primate bone marrow stromal cell line (PU-34) as a mitogen for the IL-6-responsive murine plasmacytoma cell line T1165. IL-11 was also…

IP-10, CXCL10, human: IP-10 was originally identified as an IFN-γ-inducible gene in monocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. It has since been shown that IP-10 mRNA is also induced by LPS, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12 and viruses. Additional cell types that have been shown…

GRO beta, CXCL2, rat: Rat CXCL2 also named CINC-3, belongs to the CXC chemokine family. It is encoded by the gene CXCL2 and shares 90 % amino acid sequence with CXCL1/GROα. It is member of the intercrine alpha (chemokine C-X-C) subfamily of chemokines. This chemokine is expressed by…

FGF-18, human: Human FGF-18 is encoded by the FGF18 gene. By phylogenetic analysis and gene location analysis, FGF-18 is divided into FGF-8 subfamily which has three members FGF-8, FGF-17 and FGF-18. Using FGF knockout mice model, the numbers of this subfamily were testified that have crucial…

IFN gamma, Interferon gamma, murine (mouse): Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ, also known as Type II interferon or immune interferon) is a cytokine produced primarily by T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells. The protein shares no significant homology with IFN-β or the various IFN-α…

IL-36 beta (183 a.a.), murine (mouse): Interleukin-36 (IL-36) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which plays an important role in the pathophysiology of several diseases. IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ (formerly IL-1F6, IL-1F8, and IL-1F9) are IL-1 family members that signal through…

GMF beta, rat: Glia Maturation Factor beta (GMF-β), a brain-specific protein that belongs to the actin-binding proteins (ADF) structural family. GMF-β appears to play a role in the differentiation, maintenance, and regeneration of the nervous system. It also supports the…

Leptin, human: Human Leptin plays a key role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, including appetite and metabolism. It is one of the most important adipose derived hormones. The Ob (Lep) gene (Ob for obese, Lep for leptin) is located on chromosome 7 in humans. The…

NOGGIN, human: Human NOGGIN  Noggin belongs to a group of diffusible proteins which bind to ligands of the TGF-β family and regulate their activity by inhibiting their access to signaling receptors. Noggin was originally identified as a BMP-4 antagonist whose action is critical for…

MIF, Migration Inhibitor Factor, human: Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) is a secreted protein without a cleavable signal sequence and is secreted via a specialized, non-classical pathway. It is secreted by macrophages upon stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or by M.…

IL-4, Interleukin-4, human: Human Interleukin-4 Interleukin-4 is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates diverse T and B cell responses including cell proliferation, survival, and gene expression. Produced by mast cells, T cells and bone marrow stromal cells, IL-4 regulates the differentiation of…

M-CSF, murine (mouse): Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (M-CSF), also named CSF-1, is a hematopoietic growth factor that is involved in the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of monocytes, macrophages, and bone marrow progenitor cells. It is produced by osteoblasts (as a result…

FGF-acidic, Fibroblast Growth Factor-acidic, human: FGF acidic, also known as FGF-1 and endothelial cell growth factor, is a member of the FGF family of mitogenic peptides which currently is comprised of at least seven proteins which show 35-55% amino acid sequence conservation. FGF acidic and…

IL-13, Interleukin-13, murine (mouse): IL-13 is an immunoregulatory cytokine produced primarily by activated Th2 cells, and by mast cells and NK cells. Targeted deletion of IL-13 in mice resulted in impaired Th2 cell development and indicated an important role for IL-13 in the expulsion of…

Protein G binds to the constant region of many species of immunoglobulin G. It can be used to detect, quantify and purify IgG antibodies and antibody/antigen complexes. Bio Basic Inc’s Recombinant Protein G contains only IgG binding domains. The albumin-binding domain as well as cell wall and…

BD-4, rat: Defensins (alpha and beta) are cationic peptides with antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. They are 2-6 kDa proteins and take important roles in innate immune system. On the basis of their size and pattern of…

FGF-basic, Fibroblast Growth Factor-basic, rat: FGF-basic is one of 23 known members of the FGF family. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development and postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and…

SDF-1 alpha, CXCL12, human: SDF-1α and SDF-1β, members of the chemokine α subfamily that lack the ELR domain, were initially identified using the signal sequence trap cloning strategy from a mouse bone-marrow stromal cell line. These proteins were subsequently also cloned from…

FGF-18, murine (mouse): Murine FGF-18 is encoded by the FGF18 gene. By phylogenetic analysis and gene location analysis, FGF-18 is divided into FGF-8 subfamily which has three members FGF-8, FGF-17 and FGF-18. Using FGF knockout mice model, the numbers of this subfamily were testified that…

HCC-1, CCL14 (66 a.a.), human: Human CCL14 is belonging to the CC chemokine family. It is encoded by the gene CCL14. CCL14 has two isoforms, CCL14a (HCC-1) and CCL14b (HCC-3). The sequence of HCC-3 differs from HCC-1 as follow: 27-27 R→ QTGGKPKVVKIQLKLVG. CCL14 was first isolated from the…

Sparc, human: SPARC, an acronym for “secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine”, is also known as osteonectin or BM-40. It is the founding member of a family of secreted matricellular proteins with similar domain structure. The 303 amino acid , 43 kDa protein contains a 17…

IL-7, Interleukin-7, rat: Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is encoded by the IL7 gene and secreted by stromal cells in the red marrow and thymus. It binds to the IL-7 receptor, a heterodimer consisting of IL-7 receptor alpha and IL-2 receptor gamma chain. IL-7 stimulates the differentiation of…

IL-11, Interleukin-11, murine (mouse): Interleukin 11 is a pleiotropic cytokine that was originally detected in the conditioned medium of an IL-1α-stimulated primate bone marrow stromal cell line (PU-34) as a mitogen for the IL-6-responsive murine plasmacytoma cell line T11. IL-11…

Oncostatin M (209 a.a.), human: Oncostatin M  (OSM) is a growth and differentiation factor that participates in the regulation of neurogenesis, osteogenesis and hematopoiesis. Produced by activated T cells, monocytes and Kaposi's sarcoma cells, OSH can exert both stimulatory and…

HCC-4, LEC, NCC-4, CCL16, human: Human HCC-4, also named NCC-4, liver-expressed chemokine (LEC), and lymphocyte and monocyte chemoattractant (LMC), is a novel CC chemokine identified through bioinformatics. HCC-4 cDNA encodes a 120 amino acid (aa) residue precursor protein with a 23 aa residue…

Flt3-Ligand, CX3CL1, human: Flt-3 ligand (FL) is a recently identified hematopoietic cytokine whose activities are mediated by binding to the transmembrane glycoprotein Flt-3. Flt-3 was first discovered as a member of the class III subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) whose expression…

TFF2, Trefoil Factor 2, human: The Trefoil Factor peptides (TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3) are expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and appear to play an important role in intestinal mucosal defense and repair. TFF2 has been shown to inhibit gastrointestinal motility and gastric acid secretion. …

Nesfatin-1, human: Nesfatin-1 is a naturally occurring protein molecule produced by the brains of mammals. Excess nesfatin-1 in the brain leads to a loss of appetite, less frequent hunger, a 'sense of fullness', and a drop in body fat and weight. A lack of nesfatin-1 in the brain…

TFF1, Trefoil Factor 1, human: The Trefoil Factor peptides (TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3) are expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and appear to play an important role in intestinal mucosal defense and repair. TFF1 is essential for normal differentiation of the antral and pyloric gastric mucosa and…

CYR61, human: Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61) encoded by the Cyr61 gene is a dynamically expressed, multifunctional matricellular protein and it is also a secreted, extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated signaling protein of the CCN family. Cyr61 plays essential roles in…

IP-10, CXCL10, rat: γ-Interferon Inducible Protein 10 (IP-10)/CXCL10 was originally identified as an IFN-γ-inducible gene in monocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. It has since been shown that IP-10 mRNA is also induced by LPS, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12 and viruses. …

MCP-4, CCL13, human: CCL13 is a chemoattractant for monocytes and eosinophils and activates basophils. In addition, it has been reported to be chemotactic for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, with an activity almost equivalent to that of MCP-3. The bioactivities of CCL13 is most likely mediated by…