IL-15, Interleukin-15, human: Interleukin 15 is a recently identified novel cytokine that shares many biological properties with IL-2, including T, B and NK cell-stimulatory activities. cDNA clones encoding this cytokine have been isolated from simian, murine and human cell sources. Human…

VEGF165, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 165, human: Human VEGF 165 VEGF is a potent growth and angiogenic cytokine. It stimulates proliferation and survival of endothelial cells and promotes angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Expressed in vascularized tissues, VEGF plays a prominent…

MANF, human: MANF is a secreted neurotrophic factor that is expressed in brain, neuronal and certain non-neuronal tissues. It has been shown to promote survival, growth, and function of dopamine specific neurons. MANF and its structural homolog CDNF, each contain an N-terminal saposin-like…

IGF-1, rat: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is the principal hormonal mediator of statural growth. Under normal circumstances, growth hormone (GH) binds to its receptor in the liver, and other tissues, and stimulates the synthesis/secretion of IGF-1. In target tissues, the Type 1 IGF…

OTOR, Otoraplin, human: OTOR, also called Otoraplin and MIAL, is a secreted cytokine and a member of the MIA/OTOR family. Members of this family which also includes MIA, MIA2, and TANGO share a Src homology-3 (SH3)-like domain. OTOR is predominantly expressed in the cochlea of the…

IFN alpha 2a, Interferon alpha 2a, human: Human Interferon-α2a At least 23 different variants of IFN-alpha are known. The individual proteins have molecular masses between 19-26 kDa and consist of proteins with lengths of 156-166 and 172 amino acids. All IFN-alpha subtypes possess a…

ErbB3, ErbB3 Fragment, human: Betacellulin (BTC) is a member of the EGF family of cytokines that also includes EGF, TGF-a, Amphiregulin, HB-EGF, Epiregulin, Tomoregulin and the Neuregulins. At the amino acid sequence level, human mature BTC protein exhibits 80% identity with mouse BTC protein.…

GRO, KC, CXCL1, rRtGRO, rat: All three isoforms of GRO are CXC chemokines that can signal through the CXCR1 or CXCR2 receptors. The GRO proteins chemoattract and activate neutrophils and basophils. Recombinant rat GRO/KC is a 7.8 kDa protein consisting of 72 amino acids including the…

SYND4, Syndecan-4, human: Syndecan-4 (SYND4) encoded by the SDC-4 gene in humans, has a molecular weight of ~20 kDa. It is one of the four vertebrate syndecans which belong to the syndecan family of Type 1 transmembrane proteins and capable of carrying heparin sulfate (HS) and chondroitin…

MIA-2, Melanoma Inhibitor Activity Protein 2, human: MIA2 is a secreted cytokine and a member of the MIA/OTOR family. Members of this family which also includes MIA, OTOR, and TANGO share a Src homology-3 (SH3)-like domain. MIA2 is predominantly expressed in hepatocytes. Elevated…

IL-13, Interleukin-13, monkey: Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is expressed by the IL13 gene and secreted by many cell types, especially T helper type 2 (Th2) cells. The high solution from of IL-13 reported to be a monomer with two internal disulfide bonds that contribute to a bundled four…

IL-3, Interleukin-3, human: Human Interleukin-3 Interleukin 3 is a pleiotropic factor produced primarily by activated T cells that can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells as well as various lineage committed progenitors. In addition, IL-3…

IFN lambda 1 (IL-29), human: IL-28A, IL-28B, and IL-29, also named interferon-λ2 (IFN-λ2), IFN-λ3, and IFN-λ1, respectively, are newly identified class II cytokine receptor ligands that are distantly related to members of the IL-10 family (11-13% aa sequence identity)…

TNF alpha, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, monkey (rhesus macaque): Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), also called cachectin, is the best-know member of the TNF-family, which can cause cell death. This protein is produced by neutrophils, activated lymphocytes, macrophages, NK cells, LAK…

GM-CSF, Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor, monkey (rhesus macaque): GM-CSF was initially characterized as a growth factor that can support the in vitro colony formation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors. It is produced by a number of different cell types (including activated…

IL-36 beta (183 a.a.), murine (mouse): Interleukin-36 (IL-36) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which plays an important role in the pathophysiology of several diseases. IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ (formerly IL-1F6, IL-1F8, and IL-1F9) are IL-1 family members that signal through…

VEGF120, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 120, murine (mouse): VEGF was initially purified from media conditioned by normal bovine pituitary folliculo-stellate cells and by a variety of transformed cell lines as a mitogen specific for vascular endothelial cells. It was subsequently found to…

FGF-basic, Fibroblast Growth Factor-basic, human: Human Fibroblast Growth Factor-basic FGF basic (FGF-2, HBGF-2) is one of at least 22 mitogenic proteins of the FGF family, which show 35 - 60% amino acid conservation. Unlike other FGFs, FGF acidic and basic lack signal peptides and are…

IL-8, CXCL8, Interleukin-8 (72 a.a.), human: Interleukin 10, also known as cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is the charter member of the IL-10 family of α-helical cytokines that also includes IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, and IL-26/AK155. IL-10 is secreted by many activated…

BD-4, rat: Defensins (alpha and beta) are cationic peptides with antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. They are 2-6 kDa proteins and take important roles in innate immune system. On the basis of their size and pattern of…

Protein G binds to the constant region of many species of immunoglobulin G. It can be used to detect, quantify and purify IgG antibodies and antibody/antigen complexes. Bio Basic Inc’s Recombinant Protein G contains only IgG binding domains. The albumin-binding domain as well as cell wall and…

Eotaxin-2, CCL24, rat: CCL24, also named MPIF-2, Eotaxin-2 and Ckβ6, is a novel CC chemokine recently identified. It is a secreted protein, encoded by CCL24 gene, and produced by activated monocytes and T lymphocytes. CCL24 signals through the CCR3 receptor and has functions of…

TNF alpha, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, human: Human Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), also called cachectic, is produced by neutrophils, activated lymphocytes, macrophages, NK cells, LAK cells, astrocytes endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and some…

FGF-4, human: FGF4, also named FGF­K and K­FGF, belongs to the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. By signaling through the FGF R1c, 2c, 3c and 4 receptors, FGF-4 has functions that maintain a population of progenitor cells in the epiblast that generates mesoderm and contribute to the…

PTH, Parathyroid Hormone (1-34), human: Polypeptide hormones secreted by the parathyroid glands, which promote release of calcium from bone to extracellular fluid by activating osteoblasts and inhibiting osteoclasts, indirectly promote increased intestinal absorption of calcium, and promote renal…

IL-31, Interleukin-31, human: Human IL-31 is a T-cell derived cytokine that shares several structural and functional characteristics with IL-6, Oncostatin M, LIF, and Cardiotrophin-1. It signals through a receptor complex comprised of GPL (GP130-like, IL-31RA) and OSMR (Oncostatin M receptor).…

IL-1 beta, Interleukin-1 beta, human: Human Interleukin-1 beta  IL-1 beta is a proinflammatory cytokine produced in a variety of cells including monocytes, tissue macrophages, keratinocytes and other epithelial cells. Both IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta binds to the same receptor and has…

NOGGIN, human: Human NOGGIN  Noggin belongs to a group of diffusible proteins which bind to ligands of the TGF-β family and regulate their activity by inhibiting their access to signaling receptors. Noggin was originally identified as a BMP-4 antagonist whose action is critical for…

IGF-1, human: The IGFs are mitogenic polypeptide growth factors that stimulate the proliferation and survival of various cell types including muscle, bone, and cartilage tissue in vitro. The liver predominantly produces iGFs, although a variety of tissues produce the IGFs at distinctive times.…

Cys-Protein G: Protein G is a bacterial protein derived from the cell wall of certain strains of b-hemolytic Streptococcci. It binds with high affinity to the Fc portion of various classes and subclasses of immunoglobulins from a variety of species. Protein G binds to all IgG subclasses from…

IL-13, Interleukin-13, rat: Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is expressed by the IL13 gene and secreted by many cell types, especially T helper type 2 (Th2) cells. The high solution from of IL-13 reported to be a monomer with two internal disulfide bonds that contribute to a bundled four α-helix…