β-NAD is one of the biologically active forms of nicotinic acid. Occurs in living cells, primarily in the oxidized state Coenzyme for dehydrogenases NAD usually acts as a hydrogen acceptor, forming NADH Major electron acceptor molecule in biological oxidations. Acts as a…

Adenosine is a purine nucleoside comprising a molecule of adenine attached to a ribose sugar molecule moiety via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. It plays an important role in energy transfer. It is an endogenous purine nucleoside that modulates physiological process wherein cellular signaling by…

β-NAD is one of the biologically active forms of nicotinic acid. Coenzyme of the dehydrogenases, especially in the dehydrogenation of primary and secondary alcohols Inhibitory neurotransmitter in visceral smooth muscle Acts as a hydrogen acceptor, forming NADH …

Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP is used in many cellular processes, respiration, biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. ATP is a substrate of many kinases involved in cell signaling and of adenylate cyclase(s)…

Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt, >99%. Crystalline.

IPTG (isopropyl-β-thiogalactoside) is an analogue of allolactose that binds specifically to the repressor protein of the lac operon and induces expression of β-galactosidase in Escherichia coli. IPTG is a commonly used reagent in cloning procedures that require induction of…

Guanosine-5'-triphosphate, a purine nucleotide, is required as a coenzyme for protein biosynthesis in a cell-free system. Guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP), a purine trinucleotide, is a substrate for RNA polymerases and a wide range of GTPase including G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)…

Guanidine Hydrochloride is a strong chaotropic agent useful for the denaturation and subsequent refolding of proteins. This strong denaturant can solubilize insoluble or denatured proteins, such as inclusion bodies, and be used for the recovery of periplasmic proteins. This can be used as the first…

Hypoxanthine is the purine base of the nucleoside inosine. Hypoxanthine is a nutrient additive for a variety of cell culture applications involving bacterial, parasite (Plasmodium falciparum) and animal cells. Hypoxanthine is a component of selection media used in hybridoma technologies. …

β-NADH, a pyridine nucleotide and biologically active form of nicotinic acid, is a coenzyme necessary for the catalytic reaction of certain enzymes. β-NAD+ is a carrier for hydride ion, forming β-NADH. The hydride ion is enzymatically removed from a substrate molecule by the action…

Adenosine 5′-diphosphate is a P2Y receptor agonist. Adenosine 5′-diphosphate has been used to study the release, neuronal effects and removal of extracellular β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (β-NAD+) in the rat brain. Adenosine 5′-diphosphate has also been used to…

Deoxyribonucleic Acid is a polynucleotide . It is an essential component of chromosomes in cell nuclei. It is the carrier of genetic material. It contains information in chemical code to direct the development of the cell according to its inheritance. The purine and pyrimidine bases of the…

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) from torula yeast may be used as a substrate for studying ribonuclease activities of enzymes such as ribonuclease-A, ribonuclease T1 (RNAase) and bougainvillea xbuttiana antiviral protein 1 (BBAP1).

Adenine has a wide range of chemical and biochemical roles in vivo and in vitro. It is a regulatory molecule and a component of DNA, RNA, cofactors (NAD, FAD) and signaling molecules (cAMP). It is used as a blood preservative and in viral research.

β-NADP is a coenzyme necessary for the alcoholic fermentation of glucose and the oxidative dehydrogenation of other substances. It occurs widely in living tissue, especially in the liver. Nicotinic acid can be converted to nicotinamide in the body and, in this form, is found as a component of…

Guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP), a purine trinucleotide, is a substrate for RNA polymerases and a wide range of GTPase including G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) GTPases and cell signaling and cycling associated guanine nucleotide exhange factors (GEF).

Uridine is a nucleoside, contains a uracil attached to a ribose ring (known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. It is an organic compound of the pyrimidine family, that occurs as one of the four bases coding genetic information in the polynucleotide chain of RNA. Uridine can…

UTP has been used as a P2 receptor activator to study its effects on proton efflux in MC3T3-E1 and UMR-106 cells. UTP has also been studied in combination with amiloride hydrochloride in nebulizer solutions for treating cystic fibrosis. P2Y receptor agonist.

Uridine-5'-diphosphogalactose Disodium Salt is a donor substrate for galactosyltransferases involved in the addition of galatose (galactosylation) molecules to N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides and glycerolipids(biosynthesis of galactose-containing oligosaccharides). UDP-Gal and its…

Used in drug delivery and in pharmaceuticals. In addition to this, it is used in the synthesis of caffeine and in the determination of microbial contamination of tomatoes. Uracil is produced by hydrolysis of nucleic acid and used in biochemical research. It serves as a allosteric regulator and…

Uridine is one of the four basic components of ribonucleic acid (RNA); the other three are adenosine, guanosine, and cytidine. Upon digestion of foods containing RNA, uridine is released from RNA and is absorbed intact in the gut. Uridine plays a role in the glycolysis pathway of galactose. …

Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt hydrate is a multifunctional nucleotide, which is essential in a variety of cellular functions. Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP is used in many cellular processes:…

Guanosine is a purine nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Guanosine can be phosphorylated to become guanosine monophosphate (GMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), guanosine diphosphate (GDP), and guanosine triphosphate…

Adenosine is a nucleotide resulting from the union of one molecule of sugar -- d-ribose -- with a base -- l-adenine. Active in cardiovascular disorders Indicated in cases of angina pectoris Increases coronary output Vasodilator action Induced apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60…

Guanosine-5'-triphosphate, a purine nucleotide, is required as a coenzyme for protein biosynthesis in a cell-free system. Substrate for RNA polymerases Substrate for wide range of GTPases GTP functions as a carrier of phosphates and pyrophosphates involved in channeling chemical…

5-Chloro-2'-deoxyuridine (CldU) is a thymidine analog that is readily incorporated, following phosphorylation, into newly synthesized DNA in place of thymidine. 5-Chloro-2′-deoxyuridine (CldU) is used as a thymidine analogue to study the miscoding potential of hypochlorous acid damage…

5-Phosphorylribose-1-pyrophosphate Sodium Salt Hydrate has been used in a study to assess the relationship between the muscarinic receptor cationic current and internal calcium in guinea-pig jejunal smooth muscle cells. It has also been used in a study to investigate inhibitors of the bacterial…

P2 purinergic agonist; increases activity of Ca2+-activated K+ channels; substrate for ATP-dependent enzyme systems. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and its phosphate bonds are the basic components of energy exchange in many biological systems.

GTP functions as a carrier of phosphates and pyrophosphates involved in channeling chemical energy into specific biosynthetic pathways. GTP activates the signal transducing G proteins which are involved in various cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, and activation of…

Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside that is composed of the base cytosine linked to the five-carbon sugar d-ribose. There are a variety of cytidine analogs with potentially useful pharmacology. Cytidine when intraperitoneal administered in combination with choline improves nerve regeneration and…