Biologically Active Small Molecules, 10 g
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18ß-Glycyrrhetinic Acid
Cayman ChemicalA major metabolite of glycyrrhizin, a constituent of licorice that exhibits anti-ulcerative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties; at 100 mg/kg/day, reduces lipid peroxidation and increases antioxidant activity in diabetic rats; suppresses LPS-induced TNF-α production and…
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N-acetyl-D-Glucosamine
Cayman ChemicalA monosaccharide derivative of glucose that is released by the action of O-GlcNAcase, in mammalian systems, from proteins that have been post-translationally modified with O-GlcNAc; also is the monomeric unit of chitin, which is found in fungi and many inverebrates, including crustaceans, insects,…
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Adenine
LKT LabsAdenine is a purine nucleotide base that is involved in the synthesis of RNA and DNA. Adenine also plays roles in cellular respiration as a component of ATP, NAD, and FAD. Grade: ≥98%
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Trimethoprim
Cayman ChemicalA synthetic antibiotic that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), with prominent selectivity for bacterial DHFR over mammalian DHFR (IC50s = 5 and 30,000 nM, respectively); commonly used in combination with sulfamethoxazole to minimize acquired resistance.
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L-Acetylcarnitine (hydrochloride)
Cayman ChemicalAn acetylated form of L-carnitine that facilitates the uptake of acetyl CoA into mitochondria during fatty acid oxidation, enhances acetylcholine production, and stimulates protein and membrane phospholipid synthesis.
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Glycyrrhizic Acid (ammonium salt)
Cayman ChemicalA natural agonist of the human sweet taste receptor and used as a flavorant; has diverse cellular effects at low doses, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral actions.
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Fast Green FCF
Cayman ChemicalA dye used to stain proteins for IEF and SDS-PAGE; fluoresces near infrared (absorption maximum: 624 nm).
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ß-D-Glucose
Cayman ChemicalOne of two cyclic forms of D-glucose that is the monomer unit in cellulose.
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trans-2-Decenoic Acid
Cayman ChemicalAn unsaturated fatty acid found in royal jelly produced from the hypopharyngeal and mandibular gland secretions of honeybees; isolated in conjunction with 10-HDA (Item No. 10976) and both demonstrate weak estrogenic activity, inhibiting binding of 17β-estradiol (Item No. ISO60155) to estrogen…
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L-Ascorbic Acid 2-phosphate (magnesium salt)
Cayman ChemicalA long-acting ascorbic acid derivative that stimulates collagen expression and formation and is used in human cell culture; included in media to enhance the survival of human embryonic stem cells or drive osteogenic differentiation in human adipose stem cells and in human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells.
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Taurocholic Acid (sodium salt)
Cayman ChemicalA bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of cholic acid with taurine that can be used to solubilize lipids and membrane-bound proteins.
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Cetirizine (hydrochloride)
Cayman ChemicalA second generation antihistamine that acts as a selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist (pKi = 8).
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Cimetidine
LKT LabsCimetidine is an antihistamine that inhibits H2 histamine receptors, exhibiting antacid and anticancer chemotherapeutic activities. Cimetidine inhibits catalase activity and also acts as an antagonist at androgen receptors. Cimetidine increases the efficacy of chemotherapeutic compounds when…
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ß-D-Glucosamine Pentaacetate
Cayman ChemicalAn N-acetylglucosamine derivative that has been shown to promote hyaluronic acid production.
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Acridine Orange
Cayman ChemicalA cell-permeable, fluorescent dye that accumulates in acidic organelles in a pH-dependent manner and is used for autophagy detection and cell cycle determination; emits green fluorescence (ex. max: 502 nm; ,em. max: 525 nm) at neutral pH or when bound to dsDNA and red fluorescence (ex. max: 460 nm;…
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Tamoxifen
Cayman ChemicalA selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator; an ER antagonist in breast tissue, effective in treating early breast cancer; an ER agonist in bone and blood vessels and a partial ER agonist in uterine tissues.
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Cellulose triacetate
Cayman ChemicalA polymer film used to manufacture high-performance membranes for dialysis, reverse osmosis, ion sensing, and separation; used in the production of photographic film and polarized film for liquid crystal displays.
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(+)-Catechin (hydrate)
Cayman ChemicalCatechin is a polyphenolic flavonoid which has been isolated from a variety of natural sources including tea leaves, grape seeds, and the wood and bark of trees such as acacia and mahogany. Catechin is a more potent antioxidant than ascorbate or α-tocopherol in certain in vitro lipid…
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L-Glutathione, reduced
Cayman ChemicalGSH is a tripeptide (γ-glutamylcysteinylglycine) widely distributed in both plants and animals. GSH serves as a nucleophilic co-substrate to glutathione transferases in the detoxification of xenobiotics and is an essential electron donor to glutathione peroxidases in the reduction of…
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Melatonin
Cayman ChemicalAn indoleamine neurohormone whose levels vary in a daily cycle, thereby allowing the entrainment of the circadian rhythms of several biological functions in animals, plants, and microbes; acts as a powerful antioxidant that protects lipids, proteins, and DNA against oxidative damage.
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Stigmasterol
Cayman ChemicalA natural plant sterol that can be isolated from certain seed oils and herbs, including those used for therapeutic purposes.
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Sodium 4-Phenylbutyrate
Cayman ChemicalA chemical chaperone that rescues the trafficking of misfolded proteins and weakly blocks HDAC activity (IC50 = 0.4 mM), leading to cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and/or apoptosis of various tumors.
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Ceftazidime (hydrate)
Cayman ChemicalA broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic used for parenteral administration.
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Tetrazolium (chloride)
Cayman ChemicalA redox indicator used to detect cellular respiration; primarily reduced by Complex I in mitochondria and, under anaerobic conditions, is completely reduced to an insoluble red 1,3,5-triphenylformazan.
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Quercetin
Cayman ChemicalA flavonoid compound found in the bark and rinds of many plants and fruits.
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Novobiocin (sodium salt)
Cayman ChemicalA coumarin antibiotic that inhibits the ATPase activity of DNA gyrase, permitting relaxation of negative supercoils; also generates positively supercoiled DNA.
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Chrysin
Cayman ChemicalA natural flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties; inhibits HIF-1α expression in cancer cells; decreases pro-inflammatory gene expression and oxidative stress in ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (sodium salt)
Cayman ChemicalA central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo, providing the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serving as a coenzyme in a wide array of enzymatic reactions; acts a substrate for kinases involved in cell signaling and of adenylate cyclases that produce the second messenger cAMP.
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5-Fluorocytosine
Cayman ChemicalAn antimycotic prodrug that is converted by cytosine deaminase to 5-fluorouracil, a cytotoxic drug that inhibits viral infections and has cytotoxic effects on cancer cells.
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(+)-Pilocarpine (hydrochloride)
Cayman ChemicalA muscarinic M1 and M2 mACh receptor agonist (pKB = 5 and 3.7, respectively) that is typically used as an animal model for temporal lobe epilepsy.
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(±)-Jasmonic Acid methyl ester
Cayman ChemicalA mixture of trans (3R/7R and 3S/7S) isomers; induces the synthesis of proteinase inhibitors in plant leaves; in cancer cells, suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis; inhibits hexokinase that is bound to mitochondria; methyl jasmonate derivatives also have potential as anti-inflammatory agents.