A toxin produced by cyanobacteria that inhibits the catalytic activity of protein phosphatases PP1C, PP1γ, and PP2A with Ki values of 0.15, 0.24, and 0.018 nM, respectively.

An analog of wortmannin; irreversibly binds PI3K; inhibits recombinant PI3K and mTOR (IC₅₀ = 2.7 and 193 nM, respectively) and prevents the growth of LNCap cells (IC₅₀ = 1.46 μM).

An analog of 1,24-dihydroxy vitamin D3 which, when used in a 4 μg/g ointment, suppresses psoriasis; inhibits the growth of both normal and psoriatic human keratinocytes (IC50 ~ 10 nM) via the vitamin D receptor; suppresses the production of RANTES and IL-8 by human dermal fibroblasts.

A natural type B trichothecene produced by certain species of the fungus Fusarium; inhibits protein biosynthesis, binds to peptidyl transferase, and inhibits the synthesis of RNA and DNA; passes the blood-brain barrier at different rates in different animals.

An intermediate produced from vitamin D2 by cytochrome P450 isoforms in vertebrates; subsequently metabolized to 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D2, which is an agonist for the vitamin D receptor.

An antibiotic that inhibits complex III of the mitochondrial ETC, preventing electron transport between cytochromes b and c, which results in the production of superoxide and eventual cell death; inhibits Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins, inducing apoptosis.

An esterified form of the free acid which may be more amenable for certain applications.

Intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of diclofenac by GC- or LC-MS.

A type B trichothecene mycotoxin found in cereals contaminated with certain Fusarium species.

The active circulating metabolite of vitamin D2 formed by 25-hydroxylase in the liver and 25-hydroxyvitamin D-hydroxylase in the kidney.

A mycotoxin that inhibits the mitochondrial ATP synthetase system; inhibits soluble ATPase (KD = 4.1 µM), ADP-stimulated respiration in isolated rat liver mitochondria (KD = 0.15 µM), and ATP-driven reduction of NAD+ by succinate (KD = 2 µM).

An internal standard for the quantification of verapamil (hydrochloride) by GC- or LC-MS.

A macrocyclic antibiotic that exhibits cytotoxic effects in cancer cell lines, inhibiting cell proliferation (IC₅₀ = 221.3 nM in HL-60 cells); 1-4 μM inhibits oxidized LDL-induced accumulation of cholesteryl esters in macrophages; inhibits clathrin-coated pit-mediated endocytosis.

A non-irritant bronchodilator with relaxant activity on human bronchial muscle; binds to the mouse recombinant EP3 and EP4 receptors with Ki values of 330 and 190 nM, respectively.

A mycotoxin from F. moniliforme, a fungus of grains; at 1 μM, inhibits sphingosine N-acyltransferase; fumonisins, found as contaminants in foods, induce apoptosis via altered sphingolipid metabolism, resulting in hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

A cell-permeable, reversible inhibitor of HDACs (IC50 = 30 nM).