Aflatoxins are mycotoxins found in foods and livestock feeds that were initially produced by species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxin M1 is the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1; it inhibits DNA synthesis and induces cell cycle arrest.

A glycylcycline antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against many Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and anaerobic organisms, including many multidrug-resistant strains.

A blue non-fluorescent dye that is used as an oxidation-reduction indicator in cell viability assays in a variety of cells; can be reduced to the highly red-fluorescent product resorufin (excitation: 530-540 nm; emission: 585-595 nm) and used as a quantifiable detection agent in enzyme activity or…

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is commonly used as a food and cosmetics additive; it exhibits antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. BHT may also display neuroprotective benefit, decreasing ethanol-induced brain damage and neurodegeneration and suppressing activation of NF-?B activation…

The dihydro derivative of Aflatoxin B1.

Caffeine is a xanthine alkaloid found in coffee, tea, and many other plant sources; it exhibits stimulant, bronchodilatory, anti-asthma, vasoconstrictive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-aging, and anti-fibrotic activities. Caffeine activates adenosine receptors and inhibits…

A cell-permeable, stable free radical that is commonly used to evaluate the ability of compounds to act as free radical scavengers or hydrogen donors and to measure the antioxidant activity of tissue extracts; followed by color change from purple (absorbance at 515-528 nm) to yellow.

POL is a common triglyceride component in seed and vegetable oils including olive, sesame, soybean, canola, corn, hazelnut, and many others. POL is one of the standard triglyceride components used for the USP analysis of sesame oil for pharmaceutical applications.

A selective inhibitor of α/β-hydrolase domain 6 (ABHD6) (IC50 = 70 nM), a serine hydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of 2-AG.

An epimer of chlortetracycline.

A broad-spectrum, indole-based antiviral compound that blocks viral fusion with target membranes, prohibiting viral entry into cells; effective against numerous viruses, including influenza A, B, and C and hepatitis B and C (IC₅₀s range from 3-12.5 µg/ml).

A competitive HDAC inhibitor that inhibits HDAC1 (IC50 = 0.25 μM) and HDAC3 (IC50 = 0.30 μM); causes cell differentiation, cell cycle arrest, or apoptosis.

ProClin biocides are immediately microstatic upon contact with microbial organisms as a result of their ability to quickly penetrate cell membranes and inhibit specific enzymes crucial to cellular respiration. Multiple specific sites of ProClin toxicity prevent microorganisms from developing high…

Features Each vial contains a mixture of standards packaged in amber ampules purged with argon >1 ml provided at the concentration specified in the insert Designed for direct snap and inject use in mass spectrometry applications Ideally suited for method development and as a…

An HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor that is effective in treating hypercholesterolemia and certain dyslipidemias; reduces the production of LDL as well as inhibiting cholesterol synthesis; metabolized by CYP3A4, prodrug several metabolites that are important in the therapeutic actions attributed to atorvastatin.

A product of CYP2A6 metabolism of the primary nicotine metabolite, cotinine; as a biomarker of nicotine metabolism.

An antifungal imidazole that inhibits a broad range of pathogenic yeasts and molds, including A. fumigatus, C. neoformans, C. albicans, and T. mentagrophytes.

A naturally occurring diterpene that directly activates adenylyl cyclase to raise levels of cAMP in a wide variety of cell types; binds to type 1 adenylyl cyclase membranes with an IC50 value of 41 nM and demonstrates an EC50 value of 0.5 μM in an activation assay.

D-myo-Inositol-1,3,4,5-tetraphosphate (Ins(1,3,4,5)-P4) is formed by the phosphorylation of Ins(1,4,5)P3 by inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate 3-kinase. Ins(1,3,4,5)-P4 increases intracellular calcium levels by two distinct mechanisms: opening calcium channels on both the endoplasmic reticulum to release…

Selective inhibitor of CYP2C9 (Ki = 0.3 μM); inhibit endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor synthase, a CYP450 isozyme in the porcine coronary artery homologous to CYP2C8/9 that generates reactive oxygen species in coronary endothelial cells and modulates vascular tone and homeostasis.

A nutlin-3 analog; inhibits the growth of HCT116 cells at high concentrations (IC50 = ~8 µM); promotes the growth of HCT116 cells ~40% at concentrations between 5-100 nM.

A corrinoid vitamin with roles in brain and nervous system functioning and blood formation through regulation of DNA synthesis, cellular metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism; serves as a cofactor in isomerase-, methyltransferase-, and dehalogenase-catalyzed reactions,…

A first generation antihistamine which is a potent antagonist of the human H1 receptor (Ki = 11.7 nM); readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and produces diverse cognitive and psychomotor effects; also antagonizes muscarinic cholinergic receptors (Ki = 100 to 260 nM for M1 through M5).

A dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker widely used as a coronary vasodilator for the treatment of hypertension and angina.

A potent inhibitor of DPP-4 (IC₅₀ = 18 nM); orally active, rapidly absorbed, and inhibits DPP-4 in plasma; lowers fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and two-hour postprandial glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

A cell-permeable, water-soluble derivative of vitamin E with potent antioxidant properties; commonly used as a standard or positive control in antioxidant assays.

Naturally occuring mycotoxin and food contaminant that induces the transversion of G to T at codon 249 of the p53 tumor suppressor gene and is a likely pathogen that causes hepatocellular carcinoma.

Lecithin is the major membrane phospholipid in eukaryotic cells. In addition to being the major structural component of cellular membranes, it serves as a reservoir for several lipid messengers. It is the source of the bioactive lipids lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidic acid, diacylglycerol,…

A sympathomimetic β2-adrenoceptor agonist that relaxes bronchial smooth muscle and at higher doses acts as an anabolic steroid, promoting skeletal muscle protein synthesis.

A synthetic intermediate useful for pharmaceutical synthesis.

Non-denaturing detergent used to solubilize and reconstitute membrane-bound proteins; characterized by a high critical micelle concentration (0.7%) which facilitates ready removal from final protein extracts.

An NMDA open-channel blocker (Ki = 1.2 μM at -60 mV) and uncompetitive antagonist with known anti-Parkinsonian, anti-epileptic, anti-stroke, and anti-Alzheimer’s disease properties; 12 μM blocks 90% of NMDA receptor activity and prevents NMDA-receptor mediated neurotoxicity in rat…