Complex III (CoQ cytochrome c oxidoreductase) is an essential protein for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Complex III functions as both a gatekeeper for mitochondrial respiration, and as a major source of reactive oxygen species III. It accepts electrons from complexes I and II in the form…

Water used for the preparation of EIA reagents and buffers.

Cayman’s Lipid Droplets Fluorescence Assay Kit can be used to study regulators of lipid droplet biogenesis. The main advantage of this assay is that the green fluorescence of Nile Red is both very sensitive and specific for lipid droplets. Furthermore, changes in lipid droplet biogenesis in…

Cayman’s WST-1 Proliferation Assay is based on the reduction of tetrazolium salt WST-1 to a soluble formazan dye by electron transport across the plasma membrane of dividing cells. This kit will also allow investigators to screen drug candidates involved in cell cycle regulation.

The live cell multiplex (LCM) assay provides an efficient fluorescence-based method of quantifying the relative number of live cells resident in treated wells of an assay plate. While the LCM assay may be performed as a stand-alone assay, it is has been specifically optimized to be run in multiplex…

Cayman’s MTT Proliferation Assay provides an easy to use tool for studying the induction and inhibition of cell proliferation in any in vitro model. This kit will also allow investigators to screen drug candidates involved in cell cycle regulation. In this assay, MTT is taken up by cells and…

Creatinine is commonly measured in urine and is a key benchmark for the normalization of a variety of urinary biomarkers. Serum creatinine levels, however, are a useful indicator of renal function and abnormal levels have been implicated in diabetes, cardiovascular, and circulatory diseases.…

Methylation of key biological molecules and proteins plays important roles in numerous biological systems, including signal transduction, biosynthesis, protein repair, gene silencing, and chromatin regulation. The SAM dependent MTs use SAM as the enzymatic cofactor. SAM, also known as AdoMet, acts…

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the pentose phosphate pathway. This pathway includes converting glucose to ribose-5-phosphate, a precursor to RNA, DNA, ATP, CoA, NAD, and FAD. The pathway also generates NADPH. G6PDH deficiency, the…

Cayman’s PC Assay provides a specific, sensitive, and convenient method for quantifying PC in plasma or serum. In this assay, PC-Specific PLD hydrolyzes PC to choline and phosphatidic acid. The newly formed choline is then used to generate hydrogen peroxide in a reaction catalyzed by choline…

Catalase is an ubiquitous antioxidant enzyme that is present in most aerobic cells. It is involved in the detoxification of H2O2, a ROS that is a toxic product of both normal aerobic metabolism and pathogenic ROS production. Cayman’s Catalase Assay utilizes the peroxidatic function of…

The tumor suppressor protein p53 plays a crucial role in coordinating cellular responses to genotoxic stress and holds many important clinical implications in the treatment of cancer. Cayman’s p53 Transcription Factor Assay is a non-radioactive, sensitive method for detecting specific…

Uric acid (urate) is the end product of human purine metabolism and is mainly excreted in urine. Many factors, including genetic components and acquired factors, such as obesity and alcohol consumption, influence serum uric acid concentrations. Hyperuricemia induces or facilitates gout, kidney…

Cayman’s XTT Cell Proliferation Assay provides an easy to use tool for studying induction and inhibition of cell proliferation in any in vitro model. The assay is based on the extracellular reduction of XTT by NADH produced in the mitochondria via trans-plasma membrane electron transport and…

4-(hydroxymercuri)Benzoic Acid(PHMB) is used to inhibit cysteine-protease and acts as a reversible thiol-specific blocker. While blocking the acylated ghrelin degradation, it allows the AcetylCholine Esterase AChE™ used in SPI-Bio EIA kits to work normally, in contrast to serine-protease inhibitors.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is produced by monocytes, macrophages, and T cells and is invovled in many defense mechanisms including the immune response, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism, and acute phase reactions. Cayman’s IL-6 (mouse) ELISA Kit is an immunometric (i.e., sandwich) ELISA that permits…

HDACs catalyze the hydrolytic removal of acetyl groups from histone lysine residues resulting in chromatin condensation and transcriptional repression of chromosomal DNA. Thus, HDAC inhibition allows the conformation of DNA to be relaxed and transcriptional activation to ensue. Transcriptional…

Cayman’s Glucose Assay provides a simple, reproducible, and sensitive tool for assaying glucose in plasma, serum, and urine. The glucose assay uses the glucose oxidase-peroxide reaction for the determination of glucose concentrations. In this assay, glucose is oxidized to d-gluconolactone…

Immunization of mice with chicken egg albumin (ovalbumin/OVA) in a precipitate complex with aluminum hydroxide (alum) is a highly effective means of inducing a potent TH2-mediated immune response. OVA/alum immunized mice produce anti-OVA antibodies predominantly of the IgG1 and IgE isotypes that…

XO catalyzes the hydroxylation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and then further catalyzes the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid. When oxidizing NADH, XO generates superoxide, a powerful ROS. XO is found predominantly in the liver and intestine. However, levels of circulating XO can increase…

Cayman’s Acid Phosphatase Assay provides a convenient method for detecting AP activity in plasma, serum, urine, and semen. The assay utilizes para-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) as a chromogenic substrate for the enzyme. In the first step, AP dephosphorylates pNPP. In the second step, the…

For measurement of LDH activity as an indicator of cell death.

Cayman’s Albumin (human) ELISA Kit is a competitive assay that can be used for quantification of albumin in urine. The assay has a range from 15.6-2,000 ng/ml and a sensitivity (80% B/B0) of approximately 60 ng/ml.

Urea is the final degradation product of protein and amino acid metabolism. Urea is found in blood and is excreted by the kidney as a component of urine. Besides its role as carrier of waste nitrogen, urea also plays a role in the countercurrent exchange system of the nephrons, allowing for…

Tris-glycine stock solution (10X) contains filtered Tris-base containing 1.9 M glycine.

Both DNA and RNA are damaged by oxidation during aging and in a variety of disease states including cancer. The repair processes that are initiated to correct this damage release multiple oxidized guanine species into the urine. Cayman Chemical has developed this immunoassay for the measurement of…

NADPH is an essential cofactor for the function of the NOS enzyme. Unfortunately, NADPH interferes with the chemistry of the Griess reagents, which are the most commonly used reagents for nitrite detection. This kit uses Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) to oxidize the excess NADPH used in a…

Indomethacin is a COX inhibitor that prevents ex vivo TXB2 formation and other PGs that can not be prevented using anticoagulant alone. The samples have to be transferred in indomethacin sampling tubes as soon as possible after blood collection.

GPx catalyzes the reduction of hydroperoxides, including H2O2, using reduced glutathione and thereby functions to protect the cell from oxidative damage. Cayman’s Glutathione Peroxidase Assay measures GPx activity indirectly by a coupled reaction with GR. Oxidized GSSG, produced upon…

Cayman’s Nitrate/Nitrite Assay provides an accurate and convenient method for measurement of total nitrate/nitrite concentrations. This kit can be used to measure nitrate and nitrite in plasma/serum, urine, tissue culture media, and tissue homogenates. However, it cannot be used to analyze…

Complex I (NADH oxidase/Co-enzyme Q reductase) is one of the major sites of electron entry into the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). Complex I catalyzes the 2 electron oxidation of NADH followed by the reduction of ubiquinone (Q) to form ubiquinol (QH2), and ultimately the reduction of…

Lipid peroxidation is a well-established mechanism of cellular injury in both plants and animals and is used as an indicator of oxidative stress in cells and tissues. Lipid peroxides, derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids, are unstable and decompose to form a complex series of compounds, which…