cAMP is a ubiquitous cellular second messenger that is a critical component of a signal transduction pathway linking membrane receptors and their ligands to the activation of internal cellular enzymatic activity and gene expression. cAMP is synthesized from ATP by membrane-bound adenylate cyclase…

Testosterone is the prototypic and predominant circulating androgenic steroid. It plays a major role in the growth and function of many reproductive and non-reproductive tissues and organs including muscle, liver, and brain, directing the development of the male phenotype during embryogenesis and…

Cayman’s Cortisol ELISA is a competitive assay that provides accurate measurements of cortisol within the range of 6.6-4,000 pg/ml.

Cayman’s XTT Cell Proliferation Assay provides an easy to use tool for studying induction and inhibition of cell proliferation in any in vitro model. The assay is based on the extracellular reduction of XTT by NADH produced in the mitochondria via trans-plasma membrane electron transport and…

11-KT is a second key androgenic steroid found in fish. It occurs in males together with testosterone in amounts which vary from less than 1 ng/ml to as much as 50-100 ng/ml, depending on the species and the stage of the reproductive cycle.

Catalase is an ubiquitous antioxidant enzyme that is present in most aerobic cells. It is involved in the detoxification of H2O2, a ROS that is a toxic product of both normal aerobic metabolism and pathogenic ROS production. Cayman’s Catalase Assay utilizes the peroxidatic function of…

Cayman’s SOD Assay is a fast and reliable assay for the measurement of SOD activity from plasma, serum, tissue homogenates, and cell lysates. SOD activity is assessed by measuring the dismutation of superoxide radicals generated by xanthine oxidase and hypoxanthine in a convenient 96-well…

Substance P is a bioactive 11-amino acid peptide first isolated in 1931 from brain and intestine. The peptide is involved in many physiological processes including pain modulation, smooth muscle contraction, blood pressure control, kidney function, and water homeostasis. Substance P is widely…

Progesterone, along with pregnenolone, is the biosynthetic precursor of all other steroid hormones. The main function of progesterone is to prepare the uterine lining for implantation of a fertilized ovum and to maintain pregnancy. Measurement of serum or plasma progesterone levels are used as an…

GPx catalyzes the reduction of hydroperoxides, including H2O2, using reduced glutathione and thereby functions to protect the cell from oxidative damage. Cayman’s Glutathione Peroxidase Assay measures GPx activity indirectly by a coupled reaction with GR. Oxidized GSSG, produced upon…

Urinary creatinine levels are commonly used as an index of standardization for a variety of other tests. Measurement of creatinine clearance is also useful in detecting renal disease and estimating the extent of impairment of renal function. The Cayman Chemical Creatinine (urinary) Colorimetric…

cGMP, synthesized from GTP by both membrane-bound and soluble guanlyate cyclase enzymes, is a key intracellular second messenger molecule that transduces cellular signaling events in response to a variety of hormones, autacoids and drugs. The relative abundance of cGMP within a given cell can serve…

Cayman’s GSH Assay utilizes a carefully optimized enzymatic recycling method for the quantification of GSH in a 96-well microplate format. It measures both GSH and GSSG to reflect total glutathione in a sample. The kit can also be used to measure only GSSG by following an alternative…

Oxytocin is a hypothalamic peptide hormone that is stored in the posterior pituitary gland. It is released into the bloodstream during parturition and lactation and is also involved in other social and sexual behaviors, neuropsyciatric disorders, and the maintenance of water and sodium homeostasis.…

The ET peptide family consists of three isoforms, ET-1 (corresponding to the initially isolated and most predominant isoform), ET-2, and ET-3. ET-1 is a 21 amino acid peptide and is one of the most potent vasoconstrictors currently known. ET-2 displays similar pharmacology to ET-1, whereas ET-3 is…

cAMP is a ubiquitous cellular second messenger that is a critical component of a signal transduction pathway linking membrane receptors and their ligands to the activation of internal cellular enzymatic activity and gene expression.

Cayman's WST-8 Cell Proliferation Assay provides a tool for studying induction and inhibition of cell proliferation in any in vitro model. The assay is based on the extracellular reduction of WST-8 by NADH produced in the mitochondria resulting in a water-soluble formazan which dissolves…

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic process regulating gene expression. Methylation occurs on carbon 5 of 2-deoxy cytidine yielding the modified base 5-methyl-2-deoxy cytidine. The methylation pattern of cells is tightly regulated during development with the methylation profile being…

For measurement of LDH activity as an indicator of cell death.

Adenosine 3',5' cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) is a ubiquitous cellular second messenger that is a critical component of a signal transduction pathway linking membrane receptors and their ligands to the activation of internal cellular enzymatic activity and gene expression. cAMP is synthesized…

Corticosterone is a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex in response to ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), and is the precursor to aldosterone. The production of glucorcorticoids is increased by stress; therefore, corticosterone can be used as a biomarker of stress. Plasma corticosterone…

Reactive oxygen species, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide are generated by phagocytes and participate in damaging invading miccroorganisms or other biologic targets.{29448} Cayman's H2O2 Cell-Based Assay Kit provides a simple fluorometric method for the sensitive quantitation of…

Cayman's 8-Hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG) ELISA Kit is a competitive assay that can be used to measure both 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-hydroxyguanosine. This kit has been validated for use in urine, but other sample types may be used. The assay has a range from 0.15-20 ng/ml and a…

CAT is a ubiquitous antioxidant enzyme involved in the detoxification of H2O2, a toxic product of both normal aerobic metabolism and pathogenic ROS production. It catalyzes the conversion of two molecules of H2O2 to molecular oxygen and two molecules of water (catalytic activity). CAT also…

Cayman’s Lipid Droplets Fluorescence Assay Kit can be used to study regulators of lipid droplet biogenesis. The main advantage of this assay is that the green fluorescence of Nile Red is both very sensitive and specific for lipid droplets. Furthermore, changes in lipid droplet biogenesis in…

The detection and measurement of free thiols (i.e., free cysteine, glutathione, and cysteine residues on proteins) is one of the essential tasks for investigating biological processes and events in many biological systems. Cayman’s Thiol Detection provides a simple, reproducible, and…

The live cell multiplex (LCM) assay provides an efficient fluorescence-based method of quantifying the relative number of live cells resident in treated wells of an assay plate. While the LCM assay may be performed as a stand-alone assay, it is has been specifically optimized to be run in multiplex…

Enterolactone is a mammalian lignan with an estrogen-like diphenolic structure. It is produced by intestinal bacteria from two plant precursors (matairesinol and secoisolariciresinol) obtained in the diet. Enterolactone and other lignans and phytoestrogens have been associated with a reduced risk…

Cayman's Cortisol Express ELISA is a competitive assay that permits the rapid measurement of cortisol from biological samples, requiring only a two hour incubation and one hour development times.

Estriol, a metabolite of 17b-estradiol and a major estrogen produced during pregnancy. In the final weeks before parturition, estriol levels increase significantly (10 weeks gestation to approximately 150 ng/ml at week 38). The majority of the estriol synthesized in the later stages of pregnancy…

The primary synthesis of functional vitamin D begins in the skin, where a cholesterol by-product acted upon by UV light forms vitamin D3. Vitamin D3 is carried through the bloodstream, attached to the vitamin D binding protein, to the liver where it is converted to 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3).…

Both DNA and RNA are damaged by oxidation during aging and in a variety of disease states including cancer. The repair processes that are initiated to correct this damage release multiple oxidized guanine species into the urine. Cayman Chemical has developed this immunoassay for the measurement of…