The voltaic cell is an electrochemical cell that produces electrical energy through a chemical reaction, specifically an oxidation-reduction reaction. In this activity, students will set up electrochemical cells, with each group using a different combination of materials for the anode and the cathode of the cell. Students will also compare two different styles of cell, one using a salt bridge and one using a semi-permeable membrane. After determining the voltage output of their cells and comparing their values to the rest of the class, students will be challenged to design an electrochemical cell that can run a small motor. Kit contains enough materials for 15 groups. Teacher’s manual and Student Study Guide copymasters are included. Aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)* Disciplinary Core Ideas: MS-PS2-3; HS-PS1-2; HS-PS3-3 Performance Expectations: PS2.B; PS1.A; PS1.B; PS3.A; PS3.D; ETS1.A Cross Cutting Concepts: Cause and Effect; Patterns; Energy and Matter; Influence of Science, Engineering, and Technology on Society and the Natural World Engineering Practices: Asking Questions and Defining Problems; Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions Kit Includes: 1L Copper Chloride 1.0M 1L Magnesium Chloride 1.0M 1L Iron Chloride 1.0M 1L Tin (II) Chloride 1.0M 1L Zinc Chloride 1.0M 1L Aluminum Chloride 1.0M 1L Potassium Chloride 1.0M 125 pieces Copper Metal Foil Strips 125 pieces Tin Foil Strips 125 pieces Iron Metal Strips 125 pieces Aluminum Metal Strips 125 pieces Zinc Strips 125 pieces Magnesium Metal Ribbon Strips 60 Cups, 5oz 15ft Dialysis Tubing 15 Red Connecting Wires with Alligator Clips 15 Black Connecting Wires with Alligator Clips 20 pieces Filter Paper 60 Pipettes 15 3 volt Motors DOT Info: UN3082, RQ, Environmentally hazardous substance, liquid, n.o.s., (Cupric chloride solution), 9, III, Ltd Qty UN1760, Corrosive liquids, n.o.s., (Stannous chloride, Hydrochloric acid), 8, III, Ltd Qty NA1760, Ferrous chloride, solution, 8, II, Ltd Qty UN2581, Aluminum chloride, solution, 8, III, Ltd Qty WARNING: This product can expose you to chemicals including Phthalates, which is known to the State of California to cause reproductive harm. For more information go to http://www.P65Warnings.ca.gov. *”Next Generation Science Standards” is a registered trademark of Achieve. Neither Achieve nor the lead states and partners that developed the Next Generation Science Standards was involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.