A buffer solution of HEPES can be prepared by any of several methods. The free acid can be added to water, then titrated with approximately one-half mole equivalent of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide to the desired pH. A simple mixing table for preparing 0.05 M HEPES/NaOH has been…

Potassium phosphate is a reagent with high buffering capacity. It occurs in several forms: monobasic, dibasic, and tribasic (K3PO4). Most pH neutral potassium phosphate buffer solutions consist of mixtures of the monobasic and dibasic forms to varying degrees, depending on the desired pH. …

Sodium acetate is the sodium salt of acetic acid. Sodium acetate is used as a buffer in the buffering range of pH 3.6-5.6. It is also used in the purification and precipitation of nucleic acids, protein crystallization, Staining of gels in protein gel electrophoresis, HPLC, mordant dyeing, DNA…

Sodium dibasic anhydrous is used as a sequestrant, emulsifier and buffer in foods, as mordant in dyeing for weighting silk, in tanning, in manufacturing of enamels, ceramics, detergents, boiler compounds; as fireproofing agent in soldering and brazing instead of borax; as reagent and buffer in…

HEPPS is used as a separator in ultrathin isoelectric focusing gels; enhances the resolution of phosphoglucomutase. HEPES is widely used in cell culture, largely because it is better at maintaining physiological pH despite changes in carbon dioxide concentration (produced by cellular respiration).

SM buffer (sterile solution)

Tris have been useful as buffers in a wide variety of biological systems. It has been used as a starting material for polymers, oxazolones (with carboxylic acids) and oxazolidines (with aldehydes). It does not precipitate calcium salts and is of value in maintaining solubility of manganese salts.…

MOPS is used as a biological buffer. MOPS is a zwitterionic amino acid which acts as one of the "Good" buffers. It is a structural analog to MES; however, MOPS is a more suitable biological buffer than MES because the pH range is closer to pH 7.4. A buffer using MOPS sodium salt can be…

Sodium phosphate monobasic is a reagent with very high buffering capacity widely used in molecular biology, biochemistry and chromatography. Useful in conjunction with Sodium Dibasic Phosphate, in the preparation of biological buffers. Used in many applications including the purification of antibodies.

MOPSO sodium salt is a zwitterionic aminosulfonate buffer that is very similar in structure to MOPS (3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid), differing by the presence of a hydroxyl group on C-2 of the propane moiety.

PIPES is a zwitterionic N-substituted aminosulfonic acid "Good" buffer. PIPES is used to buffer glutaraldehyde fixative solutions when fixing plant and/or animal tissue samples. This will help prevent the loss of lipids. It is also used to buffer glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde when…

Tris-HCl is excellent biochemical and biological buffer for all applications where ultra high purity is required. The pH values of all buffers are temperature and concentration dependent. For Tris buffers, pH increases about 0.03 unit per °C decrease in temperature, and decreases 0.03-0.05 unit per…

Premixed liquid, 10X concentrate. Contains 0.4M TRIS base, 0.4M Acetate, 10mM EDTA, pH 8.0. Used in agarose electrophoresis for separation of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA. Has lower buffer capacity than TBE but double-stranded DNA runs faster in TAE buffer.

Triethanolamine is a zwitterionic buffer. Triethanolamine(TEA) is used primarily as an emulsifier and surfactant. It neutralizes fatty acids, adjusts and buffers the pH, and solubilises oils and other ingredients that are not completely soluble in water. Triethanolamine is also used as organic…

MOPS is a zwitterionic amino acid which acts as one of the "Good" buffers. It is a structural analog to MES. However, MOPS is a more suitable biological buffer than MES because the pH range is closer to pH 7.4.

Agar is a polysaccharide complex extracted by bleaching and hot water treatment of agarocytes from the red alga Rhodophyceae, and usually consisting of the genera Gelidium, Acanthopeltis, Ceramium,Pterocladia and Gracilaria. The algae are typically found in the Pacific and Indian Oceans and in the…

Boric acid has a single boron; its salt forms complex equilibria in solution, with the ion B4O7-2 being the predominant species. Boric acid is used for weatherproofing wood and fireproofing fabrics; as a preservative; manufacturing of cements, crockery, porcelain, enamels, glass, borates,…

MES is a zwitterionic buffer. One of the "Good" buffers developed for biological applications. It has the advantages of maximum water solubility and minimum solubility in all other solvents, minimal salt effects, minimal change in pK with temperature, chemically and enzymatically stable,…

Potassium phosphate is a reagent with high buffering capacity. It occurs in several forms: monobasic, dibasic, and tribasic (K3PO4). Most pH neutral potassium phosphate buffer solutions consist of mixtures of the monobasic and dibasic forms to varying degrees, depending on the desired pH. …

Tris-Glycine Buffer is used for Western blotting and gel electrophoresis. Tris-glycine buffer is used to make a Tris-glycine-methanol transfer buffer, which is the most common protein transfer buffer for wet blot transfers. The methanol prevents the gel from swelling during the transfer and…

Tricine is used as buffer component for separation of low molecular weight peptides. Tricine can be used in cryopreservation medium for the preservation of tissues and organs. Tricine is typically the buffer of choice in SDS-PAGE systems when separating proteins in the range of 1 to 100 kDa.

Tris-HCl is an excellent biochemical and biological buffer for all applications where ultra high purity is required. The pH values of all buffers are temperature and concentration dependent. For Tris buffers, pH increases about 0.03 unit per °C decrease in temperature, and decreases 0.03-0.05…

Protexidase buffer is 500 mL of PBS, pH 7.2, containing 0.5% BSA, antimicrobial preservatives and proprietary stabilizing compounds. This product stabilizes high dilutions of HRP-antibody conjugates, up to 1:16,000 dilution and inhibits microbial growth in dilute conjugates. This protective…

Tris is an excellent biochemical and biological buffer for all applications where ultra high purity is required. The pH values of all buffers are temperature and concentration dependent. For Tris buffers, pH increases about 0.03 unit per °C decrease in temperature, and decreases 0.03-0.05 unit per…

Tricine, a zwitterionic buffer, was first prepared by Good for use as a buffer for chloroplast reactions. It is structurally similar to Tris, but is much less inhibitory at high concentrations. The name tricine comes from tris and glycine from which it was derived. Tricine can be used in…

Bis-Tris is a zwitterionic buffer; an amine buffer similar to Tris Hydrochloric acid that exhibits only a very small shift in dissociation constant with respect to temperature. It is structurally analogous to the the Good buffers that were developed to provide buffers in the pH range of 6.15 - 8.35…

PIPES is frequently used as a buffering agent in biochemistry; it is an ethanesulfonic acid buffer developed by Good et al. in the 1960s. PIPES has a pKa near the physiological pH which makes it useful in cell culture work.

Tris has been useful as buffers in a wide variety of biological systems. Uses include pH control in vitro and in vivo for body fluids and in buffering systems for electrophoresis applications. Tris has been used as a starting material for polymers, oxazolones (with carboxylic acids) and…

Borax is a salt of boric acid which is used as a buffer. It has a co-complexing ability with other agents in water to form complex ions with various substances. It is also commonly utilized in chromatography and electrophoresis studies. Borax is typically used as a buffer component,…

MES, Sodium Salt (2-(N-Morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid sodium salt) is a zwitterionic N-substituted aminosulfonic acid known as a Good's buffer, active in the pH range 6-8 with a pKa of 6.10 at 25° C. With a pKa value near physiological pH, it is not absorbed through cell membranes, and it…

Glycine for use in electrophresis buffers.