Sodium (Na) is one of the most important electrolytes along with chloride, calcium and potassium. Na plays vital roles in the maintenance of plasma volume, pH balance, transmission of nerve impulses, and normal cell functions. Healthy individuals can absorb sodium ingested in food, and kidneys maintain proper sodium balance by excreting its excess in urine. Sodium sources include table salt, milk, meat, shellfish, bread, snack food, etc. Increased dietary sodium intake increases the risk of susceptibility to cardiovascular disease (CVD), most importantly with elevated blood pressure (BP).
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